Perpetual Humanoid Control for Real-time Simulated Avatars
Zhengyi Luo, Jinkun Cao, Alexander Winkler, Kris Kitani, Weipeng Xu
Abstract
We present a physics-based humanoid controller that achieves high-fidelity motion imitation and fault-tolerant behavior in the presence of noisy input (e.g. pose estimates from video or generated from language) and unexpected falls. Our controller scales up to learning ten thousand motion clips without using any external stabilizing forces and learns to naturally recover from fail-state. Given reference motion, our controller can perpetually control simulated avatars without requiring resets. At its core, we propose the progressive multiplicative control policy (PMCP), which dynamically allocates new network capacity to learn harder and harder motion sequences. PMCP allows efficient scaling for learning from large-scale motion databases and adding new tasks, such as fail-state recovery, without catastrophic forgetting. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our controller by using it to imitate noisy poses from video-based pose estimators and language-based motion generators in a live and real-time multi-person avatar use case.
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Install the CLIlune papers fulltext e2f05607-c2d6-4535-9e8a-5b9c0dc6feccCited by top-tier papers83
- Universal Humanoid Motion Representations for Physics-Based ControlZhengyi Luo, Jinkun Cao, Josh Merel, Alexander Winkler et al.ICLR 2024 · 125 citations
- KungfuBot: Physics-Based Humanoid Whole-Body Control for Learning Highly-Dynamic SkillsWeiji Xie, Jinrui Han, Jiakun Zheng, Huanyu Li et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 120 citations
- Vision-Language-Action Pretraining from Large-Scale Human VideosHao Luo, Yicheng Feng, Wanpeng Zhang, Sipeng Zheng et al.ICML 2026 · 104 citations
- Flow Matching Policy GradientsDavid McAllister, Songwei Ge, Brent Yi, Chung Min Kim et al.ICLR 2026 · 103 citations
- Omnigrasp: Grasping Diverse Objects with Simulated HumanoidsZhengyi Luo, Jinkun Cao, Sammy Christen, Alexander Winkler et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 66 citations
Builds on20
- AMASS: Archive of Motion Capture As Surface ShapesNaureen Mahmood, Nima Ghorbani, Nikolaus F. Troje, Gerard Pons-Moll et al.ICCV 2019 · 1,784 citations
- Mixture-of-Experts with Expert Choice RoutingYanqi Zhou, Tao Lei, Hanxiao Liu, Nan Du et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 933 citations
- AMP: adversarial motion priors for stylized physics-based character controlXue Bin Peng, Ze Ma, Pieter Abbeel, Sergey Levine et al.SIGGRAPH 2021 · 392 citations
- ASE: large-scale reusable adversarial skill embeddings for physically simulated charactersXue Bin Peng, Yunrong Guo, Lina Halper, Sergey Levine et al.SIGGRAPH 2022 · 217 citations
- Cross-Domain Adaptation for Animal Pose EstimationJinkun Cao, Hongyang Tang, Haoshu Fang, Xiaoyong Shen et al.ICCV 2019 · 209 citations
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