EMNLP Findings2023
A Closer Look into Using Large Language Models for Automatic Evaluation
David Cheng-Han Chiang, Hung-yi Lee
Abstract
Using large language models (LLMs) to evaluate text quality has recently gained popularity. Some prior works explore the idea of using LLMs for evaluation, while they differ in some details of the evaluation process. In this paper, we analyze LLM evaluation (Chiang and Lee, 2023) 1 and G-Eval (Liu et al., 2023), and we discuss how those details in the evaluation process change how well the ratings given by LLMs correlate with human ratings. We find that the auto Chain-of-Thought (CoT) used in G-Eval does not always make G-Eval more aligned with human ratings. We also show that forcing the LLM to output only a numeric rating, as in G-Eval, is suboptimal. Last, we reveal that asking the LLM to explain its own ratings consistently improves the correlation between the ChatGPT and human ratings and pushes state-of-the-art (SoTA) correlations on two meta-evaluation datasets.
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Cited by top-tier papers23
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- Multi-Agent Debate for LLM Judges with Adaptive Stability DetectionTianyu Hu, Zhen Tan, Song Wang, Huaizhi Qu et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 25 citations
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- ConSiDERS-The-Human Evaluation Framework: Rethinking Human Evaluation for Generative Large Language ModelsAparna Elangovan, Ling Liu, Lei Xu, Sravan Babu Bodapati et al.ACL 2024 · 19 citations
- SciEx: Benchmarking Large Language Models on Scientific Exams with Human Expert Grading and Automatic GradingTu Anh Dinh, Carlos Mullov, Leonard Bärmann, Zhaolin Li et al.EMNLP 2024 · 10 citations
Builds on9
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- BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTTianyi Zhang, Varsha Kishore, Felix Wu, Kilian Q. Weinberger et al.ICLR 2020 · 8,443 citations
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- Finetuned Language Models are Zero-Shot LearnersJason Wei, Maarten Bosma, Vincent Y. Zhao, Kelvin Guu et al.ICLR 2022 · 4,966 citations
- Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task GeneralizationVictor Sanh, Albert Webson, Colin Raffel, Stephen H. Bach et al.ICLR 2022 · 1,976 citations
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