EMNLP Findings2024
NormTab: Improving Symbolic Reasoning in LLMs Through Tabular Data Normalization
Md Mahadi Hasan Nahid, Davood Rafiei
Abstract
In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in parsing textual data and generating code. However, their performance in tasks involving tabular data, especially those requiring symbolic reasoning, faces challenges due to the structural variance and inconsistency in table cell values often found in web tables. In this paper, we introduce NormTab, a novel framework aimed at enhancing the symbolic reasoning performance of LLMs by normalizing web tables. We study table normalization as a stand-alone, one-time preprocessing step using LLMs to support symbolic reasoning on tabular data. Our experimental evaluation, conducted on challenging web table datasets such as WikiTableQuestion and Tab-Fact, demonstrates that leveraging NormTab significantly improves symbolic reasoning performance, showcasing the importance and effectiveness of web table normalization for enhancing LLM-based symbolic reasoning tasks.
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Cited by top-tier papers6
- TableMaster: A Recipe to Advance Table Understanding with Language ModelsLang Cao, Hanbing LiuICLR 2026 · 20 citations
- ASTRA: Adaptive Semantic Tree Reasoning Architecture for Complex Table Question AnsweringXiaoke Guo, Songze Li, Zhiqiang Liu, Zhaoyan Gong et al.ACL 2026 · 3 citations
- Table Question Answering in the Era of Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Tasks, Methods, and EvaluationWei Zhou, Bolei Ma, Annemarie Friedrich, Mohsen MesgarACL 2026 · 3 citations
- TabulaX: Leveraging Large Language Models for Multi-Class Table TransformationsArash Dargahi Nobari, Davood RafieiVLDB 2025 · 3 citations
- Weaver: Interweaving SQL and LLM for Table ReasoningRohit Khoja, Devanshu Gupta, Yanjie Fu, Dan Roth et al.EMNLP 2025 · 1 citation
Builds on12
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsJason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 22,562 citations
- DIN-SQL: Decomposed In-Context Learning of Text-to-SQL with Self-CorrectionMohammadreza Pourreza, Davood RafieiNeurIPS 2023 · 909 citations
- TabFact: A Large-scale Dataset for Table-based Fact VerificationWenhu Chen, Hongmin Wang, Jianshu Chen, Yunkai Zhang et al.ICLR 2020 · 674 citations
- LEVER: Learning to Verify Language-to-Code Generation with ExecutionAnsong Ni, Srini Iyer, Dragomir Radev, Veselin Stoyanov et al.ICML 2023 · 318 citations
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- Large Language Models are Versatile Decomposers: Decomposing Evidence and Questions for Table-based ReasoningYunhu Ye, Binyuan Hui, Min Yang, Binhua Li et al.SIGIR 2023 · 75 citations
- TabularMath: Understanding Math Reasoning over Tables with Large Language ModelsShi-Yu Tian, Zhi Zhou, Wei Dong, Kun-Yang Yu et al.ACL Findings 2026
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