Active Layer-Contrastive Decoding Reduces Hallucination in Large Language Model Generation
Hongxiang Zhang, Hao Chen, Muhao Chen, Tianyi Zhang
Abstract
Recent decoding methods improve the factuality of large language models (LLMs) by refining how the next token is selected during generation. These methods typically operate at the token level, leveraging internal representations to suppress superficial patterns. Nevertheless, LLMs remain prone to hallucinations, especially over longer contexts. In this paper, we propose Active Layer-Contrastive Decoding (ActLCD), a novel decoding strategy that actively decides when to apply contrasting layers during generation. By casting decoding as a sequential decision-making problem, ActLCD employs a reinforcement learning policy guided by a reward-aware classifier to optimize factuality beyond the token level. Our experiments demonstrate that ActLCD surpasses state-of-the-art methods across five benchmarks, showcasing its effectiveness in mitigating hallucinations in diverse generation scenarios.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 58afdef0-ac8f-45a8-b9b2-7b78642e60d5Cited by top-tier papers1
Ask how each one uses itBuilds on19
- Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsJason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 22,562 citations
- Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP TasksPatrick Lewis, Ethan Perez, Aleksandra Piktus, Fabio Petroni et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 19,162 citations
- Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-FeedbackAman Madaan, Niket Tandon, Prakhar Gupta, Skyler Hallinan et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 4,972 citations
- Improving Factuality and Reasoning in Language Models through Multiagent DebateYilun Du, Shuang Li, Antonio Torralba, Joshua B. Tenenbaum et al.ICML 2024 · 1,562 citations
- Can LLMs Express Their Uncertainty? An Empirical Evaluation of Confidence Elicitation in LLMsMiao Xiong, Zhiyuan Hu, Xinyang Lu, Yifei Li et al.ICLR 2024 · 867 citations
Related papers
- Alleviating Hallucinations in Large Language Models through Multi-Model Contrastive Decoding and Dynamic Hallucination DetectionChenyu Zhu, Yefeng Liu, Hao Zhang, Aowen Wang et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 7 citations
- Beyond Logits: Coherent Hallucination Mitigation via Attention Contrastive DecodingYujia Chen, Rui Sun, Huayu Mai, Wangkai Li et al.ICML 2026
- DoLa: Decoding by Contrasting Layers Improves Factuality in Large Language ModelsYung-Sung Chuang, Yujia Xie, Hongyin Luo, Yoon Kim et al.ICLR 2024 · 354 citations
- Mitigating Object Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Visual Contrastive DecodingSicong Leng, Hang Zhang, Guanzheng Chen, Xin Li et al.CVPR 2024
- CODE: Contrasting Self-generated Description to Combat Hallucination in Large Multi-modal ModelsJunho Kim, Hyunjun Kim, Yeonju Kim, Yong Man RoNeurIPS 2024 · 55 citations
