Lune

EMNLP Findings2022

Towards Explaining Subjective Ground of Individuals on Social Media

Younghun Lee, Dan Goldwasser

Abstract

Large-scale language models have been reducing the gap between machines and humans in understanding the real world, yet understanding an individual's theory of mind and behavior from text is far from being resolved.

This research proposes a neural model-Subjective Ground Attention-that learns subjective grounds of individuals and accounts for their judgments on situations of others posted on social media. Using simple attention modules as well as taking one's previous activities into consideration, we empirically show that our model provides human-readable explanations of an individual's subjective preference in judging social situations. We further qualitatively evaluate the explanations generated by the model and claim that our model learns an individual's subjective orientation towards abstract moral concepts.

Ask Lune

Ask anything. The answer quotes the paper.

Lune reads all of it and the papers around it, then shows you the passages behind every answer.

Questions to start from

Lune answers from

the full paper · 1 top-tier paper that cites it · related work

Get the answer

Free to start. No credit card required.

Cited by top-tier papers1

  1. SOLAR: Towards Characterizing Subjectivity of Individuals through Modeling Value Conflicts and Trade-offsYounghun Lee, Dan GoldwasserEMNLP 2025

Builds on2

  1. (Comet-) Atomic 2020: On Symbolic and Neural Commonsense Knowledge GraphsJena D. Hwang, Chandra Bhagavatula, Ronan Le Bras, Jeff Da et al.AAAI 2021 · 458 citations
  2. Social Chemistry 101: Learning to Reason about Social and Moral NormsMaxwell Forbes, Jena D. Hwang, Vered Shwartz, Maarten Sap et al.EMNLP 2020 · 11 citations

Related papers

  1. MetaMind: Modeling Human Social Thoughts with Metacognitive Multi-Agent SystemsXuanming Zhang, Yuxuan Chen, Samuel (Min-Hsuan) Yeh, Sharon LiNeurIPS 2025 · 14 citations
  2. Adaptable Moral Stances of Large Language Models on Sexist Content: Implications for Society and Gender DiscourseRongchen Guo, Isar Nejadgholi, Hillary Dawkins, Kathleen C. Fraser et al.EMNLP 2024
  3. A Graph per Persona: Reasoning about Subjective Natural Language DescriptionsEunjeong Hwang, Vered Shwartz, Dan Gutfreund, Veronika ThostACL Findings 2024 · 1 citation
  4. Language Models Represent Beliefs of Self and OthersWentao Zhu, Zhining Zhang, Yizhou WangICML 2024 · 24 citations
  5. Neural Theory-of-Mind? On the Limits of Social Intelligence in Large LMsMaarten Sap, Ronan Le Bras, Daniel Fried, Yejin ChoiEMNLP 2022 · 92 citations
Dusk over the sea between two cliffs drawn in fine vertical lines