Large Language Model as an Assignment Evaluator: Insights, Feedback, and Challenges in a 1000+ Student Course
Cheng-Han Chiang, Wei-Chih Chen, Chun-Yi Kuan, Chienchou Yang, Hung-yi Lee
Abstract
Using large language models (LLMs) for automatic evaluation has become an important evaluation method in NLP research. However, it is unclear whether these LLM-based evaluators can be applied in real-world classrooms to assess student assignments. This empirical report shares how we use GPT-4 as an automatic assignment evaluator in a university course with 1,028 students. Based on student responses, we find that LLM-based assignment evaluators are generally acceptable to students when students have free access to these LLM-based evaluators. However, students also noted that the LLM sometimes fails to adhere to the evaluation instructions. Additionally, we observe that students can easily manipulate the LLM-based evaluator to output specific strings, allowing them to achieve high scores without meeting the assignment rubric. Based on student feedback and our experience, we provide several recommendations for integrating LLM-based evaluators into future classrooms. Our observation also highlights potential directions for improving LLM-based evaluators, including their instruction-following ability and vulnerability to prompt hacking. * Equal second contribution.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 17e9eace-3fce-493c-b83c-65a1a8b14214Cited by top-tier papers5
- Designing AI Peers for Collaborative Mathematical Problem Solving with Middle School Students: A Participatory Design StudyWenhan Lyu, Yimeng Wang, Murong Yue, Yifan Sun et al.CHI 2026 · 4 citations
- Position: LLMs Can be Good Tutors in English EducationJingheng Ye, Shen Wang, Deqing Zou, Yibo Yan et al.EMNLP 2025 · 2 citations
- TRACT: Regression-Aware Fine-tuning Meets Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for LLM-as-a-JudgeCheng-Han Chiang, Hung-yi Lee, Michal LukasikACL 2025
- Trojsten Benchmark: Evaluating LLM Problem-Solving in Slovak STEM Competition ProblemsAdam Zahradník, Marek SuppaEMNLP 2025
- Your Students Don't Use LLMs Like You Wish They DidSebastian Kobler, Matthew Clemson, Angela Sun, Jonathan K. KummerfeldACL 2026
Builds on14
- Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward ModelRafael Rafailov, Archit Sharma, Eric Mitchell, Christopher D. Manning et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 10,924 citations
- Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Tao Xu, Greg Brockman et al.ICML 2023 · 6,966 citations
- Zero-Shot Text-to-Image GenerationAditya Ramesh, Mikhail Pavlov, Gabriel Goh, Scott Gray et al.ICML 2021 · 6,356 citations
- Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-FeedbackAman Madaan, Niket Tandon, Prakhar Gupta, Skyler Hallinan et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 4,972 citations
- Jailbroken: How Does LLM Safety Training Fail?Alexander Wei, Nika Haghtalab, Jacob SteinhardtNeurIPS 2023 · 2,230 citations
Related papers
- Themis: A Reference-free NLG Evaluation Language Model with Flexibility and InterpretabilityXinyu Hu, Li Lin, Mingqi Gao, Xunjian Yin et al.EMNLP 2024 · 2 citations
- Impeding LLM-assisted Cheating in Introductory Programming Assignments via Adversarial PerturbationSaiful Islam Salim, Rubin Yuchan Yang, Alexander Cooper, Suryashree Ray et al.EMNLP 2024 · 4 citations
- Understanding the Effect of Risk Perception on the Acceptance and Use of Large Language Models Among University StudentsMichael T. Rücker, Carolin Büchting, Thomas KoschCSCW 2025 · 4 citations
- Prometheus: Inducing Fine-Grained Evaluation Capability in Language ModelsSeungone Kim, Jamin Shin, Yejin Choi, Joel Jang et al.ICLR 2024 · 468 citations
- Monitoring AI-Modified Content at Scale: A Case Study on the Impact of ChatGPT on AI Conference Peer ReviewsWeixin Liang, Zachary Izzo, Yaohui Zhang, Haley Lepp et al.ICML 2024 · 213 citations
