FloorplanQA: A Benchmark for Spatial Reasoning in LLMs using Structured Representations
Fedor Rodionov, Abdelrahman Eldesokey, Michael Birsak, John Femiani, Bernard Ghanem, Peter Wonka
Abstract
We introduce FloorplanQA * , a diagnostic benchmark for evaluating spatial reasoning in large language models (LLMs). FloorplanQA is grounded in structured representations of indoor scenes (e.g., kitchens, living rooms, bedrooms, bathrooms, and others), encoded symbolically in JSON or XML layouts. The benchmark covers core spatial tasks, including distance measurement, visibility, path finding, and object placement within constrained spaces. Our results across a variety of frontier open-source and commercial LLMs reveal that while models may succeed on shallow queries, they often fail to respect physical constraints and preserve spatial coherence, though they remain mostly robust to small spatial perturbations. FloorplanQA uncovers a blind spot in today's LLMs: inconsistent reasoning about indoor layouts. We hope this benchmark inspires new work on language models that can accurately infer and manipulate spatial and geometric properties in practical settings.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Cited by top-tier papers1
Ask how each one uses itBuilds on7
- Unifying Vision-and-Language Tasks via Text GenerationJaemin Cho, Jie Lei, Hao Tan, Mohit BansalICML 2021 · 624 citations
- LayoutGPT: Compositional Visual Planning and Generation with Large Language ModelsWeixi Feng, Wanrong Zhu, Tsu-Jui Fu, Varun Jampani et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 462 citations
- 3D-FRONT: 3D Furnished Rooms with layOuts and semaNTicsHuan Fu, Bowen Cai, Lin Gao, Lingxiao Zhang et al.ICCV 2021 · 419 citations
- ScanQA: 3D Question Answering for Spatial Scene UnderstandingDaichi Azuma, Taiki Miyanishi, Shuhei Kurita, Motoaki KawanabeCVPR 2022 · 135 citations
- Infinigen Indoors: Photorealistic Indoor Scenes using Procedural GenerationAlexander Raistrick, Lingjie Mei, Karhan Kayan, David Yan et al.CVPR 2024 · 24 citations
Related papers
- Can Multimodal Large Language Models Understand Spatial Relations?Jingping Liu, Ziyan Liu, Zhedong Cen, Yan Zhou et al.ACL 2025 · 16 citations
- SpatiaLQA: A Benchmark for Evaluating Spatial Logical Reasoning in Vision-Language ModelsYuechen Xie, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yicheng Shan, Zhu Hao et al.CVPR 2026 · 8 citations
- SpaCE-Eval: A Benchmark for Real-World Multi-Modal ReasoningXuyou Yang, Yucheng Zhao, Wenxuan Zhang, Immanuel KohICLR 2026
- MirrorQA: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs on Mirror-Orientation ReasoningJingping Liu, Xingchen Peng, Yan Zhou, Ziyan Liu et al.ACL 2026
- MMSI-Bench: A Benchmark for Multi-Image Spatial IntelligenceSihan Yang, Runsen Xu, Yiman Xie, Sizhe Yang et al.ICLR 2026 · 195 citations
