Active Reasoning in an Open-World Environment
Manjie Xu, Guangyuan Jiang, Wei Liang, Chi Zhang, Yixin Zhu
Abstract
Recent advances in vision-language learning have achieved notable success on complete-information question-answering datasets through the integration of extensive world knowledge. Yet, most models operate passively, responding to questions based on pre-stored knowledge. In stark contrast, humans possess the ability to actively explore, accumulate, and reason using both newfound and existing information to tackle incomplete-information questions. In response to this gap, we introduce 🔍 Conan, an interactive open-world environment devised for the assessment of active reasoning. 🔍 Conan facilitates active exploration and promotes multi-round abductive inference, reminiscent of rich, open-world settings like Minecraft. Diverging from previous works that lean primarily on single-round deduction via instruction following, 🔍 Conan compels agents to actively interact with their surroundings, amalgamating new evidence with prior knowledge to elucidate events from incomplete observations. Our analysis on 🔍 Conan underscores the shortcomings of contemporary state-of-the-art models in active exploration and understanding complex scenarios. Additionally, we explore Abduction from Deduction, where agents harness Bayesian rules to recast the challenge of abduction as a deductive process. Through 🔍 Conan, we aim to galvanize advancements in active reasoning and set the stage for the next generation of AI agents adept at dynamically engaging in environments. : Work done while M. Xu was an intern at Peking University. 37th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS 2023).
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext f514227e-50f4-4520-8bed-97a9f7b4d654Cited by top-tier papers4
- Neural-Symbolic Recursive Machine for Systematic GeneralizationQing Li, Yixin Zhu, Yitao Liang, Ying Nian Wu et al.ICLR 2024 · 15 citations
- Heterogeneous Adversarial Play in Interactive EnvironmentsManjie Xu, Xinyi Yang, Jiayu Zhan, Wei Liang et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 4 citations
- AbductiveMLLM: Boosting Visual Abductive Reasoning Within MLLMsBoyu Chang, Qi Wang, Xi Guo, Zhixiong Nan et al.AAAI 2026 · 1 citation
- Distilling Task-Level Coordination Policies for Generalizable Multi-Agent CooperationZimo Zhai, Manjie Xu, Wei LiangICML 2026
Builds on17
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot LearningJean-Baptiste Alayrac, Jeff Donahue, Pauline Luc, Antoine Miech et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 6,707 citations
- ViViT: A Video Vision TransformerAnurag Arnab, Mostafa Dehghani, Georg Heigold, Chen Sun et al.ICCV 2021 · 2,947 citations
- Abductive Commonsense ReasoningChandra Bhagavatula, Ronan Le Bras, Chaitanya Malaviya, Keisuke Sakaguchi et al.ICLR 2020 · 521 citations
Related papers
- From Passive to Active Reasoning: Can Large Language Models Ask the Right Questions under Incomplete Information?Zhanke Zhou, Xiao Feng, Zhaocheng Zhu, Jiangchao Yao et al.ICML 2025
- Conan: Progressive Learning to Reason Like a Detective over Multi-Scale Visual EvidenceKun Ouyang, Yuanxin Liu, Linli Yao, Yishuo Cai et al.CVPR 2026 · 17 citations
- PhysVLM-AVR: Active Visual Reasoning for Multimodal Large Language Models in Physical EnvironmentsWeijie Zhou, Xuantang Xiong, Yi Peng, Manli Tao et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 4 citations
- Look Before You Decide: Prompting Active Deduction of MLLMs for Assumptive ReasoningYian Li, Wentao Tian, Yang Jiao, Tianwen Qian et al.ACM MM 2025 · 16 citations
- Multi-modal Action Chain Abductive ReasoningMengze Li, Tianbao Wang, Jiahe Xu, Kairong Han et al.ACL 2023 · 11 citations
