Does It Capture STEL? A Modular, Similarity-based Linguistic Style Evaluation Framework
Anna Wegmann, Dong Nguyen
Abstract
Style is an integral part of natural language. However, evaluation methods for style measures are rare, often task-specific and usually do not control for content. We propose the modular, fine-grained and contentcontrolled similarity-based STyle EvaLuation framework (STEL) to test the performance of any model that can compare two sentences on style. We illustrate STEL with two general dimensions of style (formal/informal and simple/complex) as well as two specific characteristics of style (contrac'tion and numb3r substitution). We find that BERT-based methods outperform simple versions of commonly used style measures like 3-grams, punctuation frequency and LIWC-based approaches. We invite the addition of further tasks and task instances to STEL and hope to facilitate the improvement of style-sensitive measures.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext e807e70f-f4e8-4447-adc8-7536af817e24Cited by top-tier papers3
- Probing Semantic Alignment, Lexical Invariance, and Syntactic Influence in LLM Metaphor ProcessingFengying Ye, Shanshan Wang, Lidia S. Chao, Derek F. WongACL 2026 · 7 citations
- ICLEF: In-Context Learning with Expert Feedback for Explainable Style TransferArkadiy Saakyan, Smaranda MuresanACL 2024
- A Ship of Theseus: Curious Cases of Paraphrasing in LLM-Generated TextsNafis Irtiza Tripto, Saranya Venkatraman, Dominik Macko, Róbert Móro et al.ACL 2024
Builds on5
- MPNet: Masked and Permuted Pre-training for Language UnderstandingKaitao Song, Xu Tan, Tao Qin, Jianfeng Lu et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 1,957 citations
- Making Monolingual Sentence Embeddings Multilingual using Knowledge DistillationNils Reimers, Iryna GurevychEMNLP 2020 · 54 citations
- Reformulating Unsupervised Style Transfer as Paraphrase GenerationKalpesh Krishna, John Wieting, Mohit IyyerEMNLP 2020 · 9 citations
- Politeness Transfer: A Tag and Generate ApproachAman Madaan, Amrith Setlur, Tanmay Parekh, Barnabás Póczos et al.ACL 2020 · 6 citations
- Style is NOT a single variable: Case Studies for Cross-Stylistic Language UnderstandingDongyeop Kang, Eduard H. HovyACL 2021
Related papers
- Disentangled Learning with Synthetic Parallel Data for Text Style TransferJingxuan Han, Quan Wang, Zikang Guo, Benfeng Xu et al.ACL 2024 · 4 citations
- Masked Based Unsupervised Content TransferRon Mokady, Sagie Benaim, Lior Wolf, Amit BermanoICLR 2020
- Learning to Compare for Better Training and Evaluation of Open Domain Natural Language Generation ModelsWangchunshu Zhou, Ke XuAAAI 2020 · 49 citations
- Text Detoxification using Large Pre-trained Neural ModelsDavid Dale, Anton Voronov, Daryna Dementieva, Varvara Logacheva et al.EMNLP 2021 · 16 citations
- Don't Take This Out of Context!: On the Need for Contextual Models and Evaluations for Stylistic RewritingAkhila Yerukola, Xuhui Zhou, Elizabeth Clark, Maarten SapEMNLP 2023 · 2 citations
