Self-Evolved Reward Learning for LLMS
Chenghua Huang, Zhizhen Fan, Lu Wang, Fangkai Yang, Pu Zhao, Zeqi Lin, Qingwei Lin, Dongmei Zhang, Saravan Rajmohan, Qi Zhang
Abstract
Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a crucial technique for aligning language models with human preferences, playing a pivotal role in the success of conversational models like GPT-4, ChatGPT, and Llama 2. A core challenge in employing RLHF lies in training a reliable reward model (RM), which relies on high-quality labels typically provided by human experts or advanced AI system. These methods can be costly and may introduce biases that affect the language model's responses. As language models improve, human input may become less effective in further enhancing their performance. In this paper, we propose Self-Evolved Reward Learning (SER), a novel approach where the RM generates additional training data to iteratively improve itself. We conducted extensive experiments on multiple datasets such as HH-RLHF and UltraFeedback, using models like Mistral and Llama 3, and compare SER against various baselines. Our results demonstrate that even with limited human-annotated data, learning from self-feedback can robustly enhance RM performance, thereby boosting the capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Resources of this paper can be found at https://aka.ms/ser
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext bbdab52b-e972-445b-8f40-0a534e5f7f25Cited by top-tier papers5
- Text2Grad: Reinforcement Learning from Natural Language FeedbackHanyang Wang, Lu Wang, Chaoyun Zhang, Tianjun Mao et al.ICLR 2026 · 18 citations
- A Survey on Efficient Large Language Model Training: From Data-centric PerspectivesJunyu Luo, Bohan Wu, Xiao Luo, Zhiping Xiao et al.ACL 2025 · 12 citations
- CEC-Zero: Zero-Supervision Character Error Correction with Self-Generated RewardsZhiming Lin, Kai Zhao, Sophie Zhang, Peilai Yu et al.AAAI 2026 · 11 citations
- Limited Preference Data? Learning Better Reward Model with Latent Space SynthesisLeitian Tao, Xuefeng Du, Sharon LiNeurIPS 2025 · 2 citations
- RLTHF: Targeted Human Feedback for LLM AlignmentYifei Xu, Tusher Chakraborty, Emre Kiciman, Bibek Aryal et al.ICML 2025
Builds on15
- Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackLong Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 24,707 citations
- Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward ModelRafael Rafailov, Archit Sharma, Eric Mitchell, Christopher D. Manning et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 10,924 citations
- Self-Rewarding Language ModelsWeizhe Yuan, Richard Yuanzhe Pang, Kyunghyun Cho, Xian Li et al.ICML 2024 · 569 citations
- RRHF: Rank Responses to Align Language Models with Human FeedbackHongyi Yuan, Zheng Yuan, Chuanqi Tan, Wei Wang et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 515 citations
- Scaling Data-Constrained Language ModelsNiklas Muennighoff, Alexander M. Rush, Boaz Barak, Teven Le Scao et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 475 citations
Related papers
- Aligning Large Language Models via Fully Self-Synthetic DataShangjian Yin, Zhepei Wei, Xinyu Zhu, Wei-Lin Chen et al.ACL 2026 · 2 citations
- RLAIF vs. RLHF: Scaling Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback with AI FeedbackHarrison Lee, Samrat Phatale, Hassan Mansoor, Thomas Mesnard et al.ICML 2024 · 598 citations
- Real-Time Aligned Reward Model beyond SemanticsZixuan Huang, Xin Xia, Yuxi Ren, Jianbin Zheng et al.ICML 2026 · 18 citations
- Provably Efficient Online RLHF with One-Pass Reward ModelingLong-Fei Li, Yu-Yang Qian, Peng Zhao, Zhi-Hua ZhouNeurIPS 2025 · 8 citations
- Self-Play Preference Optimization for Language Model AlignmentYue Wu, Zhiqing Sun, Huizhuo Yuan, Kaixuan Ji et al.ICLR 2025
