DecoVer: A Decompose-and-Verify Neuro-Symbolic Framework for Embodied Task Planning with BC+
YiXiang Jiang, Binqian Xu, Xiangbo Shu
Abstract
Despite their remarkable general capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with the precise grounding required for embodied task planning. To bridge this gap, neuro-symbolic approaches have emerged, leveraging action languages like BC+ for their formal expressiveness and reasoning flexibility. However, prior methods that naively couple LLMs with BC+ typically depend on one-shot program generation, which is brittle in dynamic environments and prone to sequential omission and causal inconsistency. To address these limitations, we propose DecoVer, a Decompose-and-Verify neuro-symbolic framework that systematically adapts BC+ to embodied task planning. Specifically, DecoVer employs a cascading decomposition strategy to partition complex knowledge into hierarchical subspaces and integrates a dual verification mechanism for syntactic and executable correctness. Extensive experiments demonstrate that DecoVer consistently outperforms LLM-based baselines across the majority of evaluation metrics, achieving a 12.9% success rate gain over the highly capable Gemini-3-Pro-Preview and a 60.9% improvement over GPT-5.1 on logically complex test cases.
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