USENIX Security2023Top-tier venue
autofz: Automated Fuzzer Composition at Runtime
Yu-Fu Fu, Jae-Hyuk Lee, Taesoo Kim
Abstract
Fuzzing has gained in popularity for software vulnerability detection by virtue of the tremendous effort to develop a diverse set of fuzzers. Thanks to various fuzzing techniques, most of the fuzzers have been able to demonstrate great performance on their selected targets. However, paradoxically, this diversity in fuzzers also made it difficult to select fuzzers that are best suitable for complex real-world programs, which we call selection burden. Communities attempted to address this problem by creating a set of standard benchmarks to compare and contrast the performance of fuzzers for a wide range of applications, but the result was always a suboptimal decision - the best-performing fuzzer on average does not guarantee the best outcome for the target of a user's interest. To overcome this problem, we propose an automated, yet non-intrusive meta-fuzzer, called autofz, to maximize the benefits of existing state-of-the-art fuzzers via dynamic composition. To an end user, this means that, instead of spending time on selecting which fuzzer to adopt, one can simply put all of the available fuzzers to autofz, and achieve the best, optimal result. The key idea is to monitor the runtime progress of the fuzzers, called trends (similar in concept to gradient descent), and make a fine-grained adjustment of resource allocation. This is a stark contrast to existing approaches - autofz deduces a suitable set of fuzzers of the active workload in a fine-grained manner at runtime. Our evaluation shows that autofz outperforms any best-performing individual fuzzers in 11 out of 12 available benchmarks and beats the best, collaborative fuzzing approaches in 19 out of 20 benchmarks. Moreover, on average, autofz found 152% more bugs than individual fuzzers, and 415% more bugs than collaborative fuzzing.
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Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 9b479efa-877d-45b8-91a7-a2d79da80257Cited by top-tier papers5
- SoK: DARPA's AI Cyber Challenge (AIxCC): Competition Design, Architectures, and Lessons LearnedCen Zhang, Younggi Park, Fabian Fleischer, Yu-Fu Fu et al.USENIX Security 2026 · 12 citations
- KRAKEN: Program-Adaptive Parallel FuzzingAnshunkang Zhou, Heqing Huang, Charles ZhangISSTA 2025
- PBFuzz: Agentic Directed Fuzzing for PoV GenerationHaochen Zeng, Andrew Bao, Jiajun Cheng, Chengyu SongCCS 2026
- TrioFuzz: A Three-Tier Architecture for Adaptive Strategy Selection in FuzzingRuiqi Dong, Yiyi Wang, Kunpeng Zhang, Dongsong Yu et al.USENIX Security 2026
- xFUZZ: A Flexible Framework for Fine-Grained, Runtime-Adaptive Fuzzing Strategy CompositionDongsong Yu, Yiyi Wang, Chao Zhang, Yang Lan et al.ISSTA 2025
Builds on17
- Coverage-based Greybox Fuzzing as Markov ChainMarcel Böhme, Van-Thuan Pham, Abhik RoychoudhuryCCS 2016 · 1,026 citations
- Driller: Augmenting Fuzzing Through Selective Symbolic ExecutionNick Stephens, John Grosen, Christopher Salls, Andrew Dutcher et al.NDSS 2016 · 1,021 citations
- Evaluating Fuzz TestingGeorge Klees, Andrew Ruef, Benji Cooper, Shiyi Wei et al.CCS 2018 · 753 citations
- VUzzer: Application-aware Evolutionary FuzzingSanjay Rawat, Vivek Jain, Ashish Kumar, Lucian Cojocar et al.NDSS 2017 · 700 citations
- Angora: Efficient Fuzzing by Principled SearchPeng Chen, Hao ChenS&P 2018 · 616 citations
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