LLMs Caught in the Crossfire: Malware Requests and Jailbreak Challenges
Haoyang Li, Huan Gao, Zhiyuan Zhao, Zhiyu Lin, Junyu Gao, Xuelong Li
Abstract
The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened concerns about their security, particularly their vulnerability to jailbreak attacks that leverage crafted prompts to generate malicious outputs. While prior research has been conducted on general security capabilities of LLMs, their specific susceptibility to jailbreak attacks in code generation remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we propose MalwareBench, a benchmark dataset containing 3,520 jailbreaking prompts for malicious code-generation, designed to evaluate LLM robustness against such threats. Mal-wareBench is based on 320 manually crafted malicious code generation requirements, covering 11 jailbreak methods and 29 code functionality categories. Experiments show that mainstream LLMs exhibit limited ability to reject malicious code-generation requirements, and the combination of multiple jailbreak methods further reduces the model's security capabilities: specifically, the average rejection rate for malicious content is 60.93%, dropping to 39.92% when combined with jailbreak attack algorithms. Our work highlights that the code security capabilities of LLMs still pose significant challenges.
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Cited by top-tier papers2
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- MalTotal: Cost-Effective and Language-Agnostic Malicious Code Poisoning Detection for Millions of RepositoriesJian Zhao, Shenao Wang, Qingyang Wu, Yanjie Zhao et al.ISSTA 2026
Builds on10
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
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- How Johnny Can Persuade LLMs to Jailbreak Them: Rethinking Persuasion to Challenge AI Safety by Humanizing LLMsYi Zeng, Hongpeng Lin, Jingwen Zhang, Diyi Yang et al.ACL 2024 · 64 citations
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