Learning to Classify: A Flow-Based Relation Network for Encrypted Traffic Classification
Wenbo Zheng, Chao Gou, Lan Yan, Shaocong Mo
Abstract
As the size and source of network traffic increase, so does the challenge of monitoring and analyzing network traffic. The challenging problems of classifying encrypted traffic are the imbalanced property of network data, the generalization on an unseen dataset, and overly dependent on data size. In this paper, we propose an application of a meta-learning approach to address these problems in encrypted traffic classification, named Flow-Based Relation Network (RBRN). The RBRN is an end-to-end classification model that learns representative features from the raw flows and then classifies them in a unified framework. Moreover, we design “hallucinator” to produce additional training samples for the imbalanced classification, and then focus on meta-learning to classify unseen categories from few labeled samples. We validate the effectiveness of the RBRN on the real-world network traffic dataset, and the experimental results demonstrate that the RBRN can achieve an excellent classification performance and outperform the state-of-the-art methods on encrypted traffic classification. What is more interesting, our model trained on the real-world dataset can generalize very well to unseen datasets, outperforming multiple state-of-art methods.
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Cited by top-tier papers10
- ET-BERT: A Contextualized Datagram Representation with Pre-training Transformers for Encrypted Traffic ClassificationXinjie Lin, Gang Xiong, Gaopeng Gou, Zhen Li et al.WWW 2022 · 490 citations
- TFE-GNN: A Temporal Fusion Encoder Using Graph Neural Networks for Fine-grained Encrypted Traffic ClassificationHaozhen Zhang, Le Yu, Xi Xiao, Qing Li et al.WWW 2023 · 122 citations
- Learning from the Past: Meta-Continual Learning with Knowledge Embedding for Jointly Sketch, Cartoon, and Caricature Face RecognitionWenbo Zheng, Lan Yan, Fei-Yue Wang, Chao GouACM MM 2020 · 19 citations
- Revolutionizing Encrypted Traffic Classification with MH-Net: A Multi-View Heterogeneous Graph ModelHaozhen Zhang, Haodong Yue, Xi Xiao, Le Yu et al.AAAI 2025 · 16 citations
- Learning from Limited Heterogeneous Training Data: Meta-Learning for Unsupervised Zero-Day Web Attack Detection across Web DomainsPeiyang Li, Ye Wang, Qi Li, Zhuotao Liu et al.CCS 2023 · 13 citations
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