From Single to Multi-Granularity: Toward Long-Term Memory Association and Selection of Conversational Agents
Derong Xu, Yi Wen, Pengyue Jia, Yingyi Zhang, Wenlin Zhang, Yichao Wang, Huifeng Guo, Ruiming Tang, Xiangyu Zhao, Enhong Chen, Tong Xu
Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been widely adopted in conversational agents. However, the increasingly long interactions between users and agents accumulate extensive dialogue records, making it difficult for LLMs with limited context windows to maintain a coherent long-term dialogue memory and deliver personalized responses. While retrieval-augmented memory systems have emerged to address this issue, existing methods often depend on single-granularity memory segmentation and retrieval. This approach falls short in capturing deep memory connections, leading to partial retrieval of useful information or substantial noise, resulting in suboptimal performance. To tackle these limits, we propose MemGAS, a framework that enhances memory consolidation by constructing multi-granularity association, adaptive selection, and retrieval. MemGAS is based on multi-granularity memory units and employs Gaussian Mixture Models to cluster and associate new memories with historical ones. An entropy-based router adaptively selects optimal granularity by evaluating query relevance distributions and balancing information completeness and noise. Retrieved memories are further refined via LLM-based filtering. Experiments on four long-term memory benchmarks demonstrate that MemGAS outperforms state-of-the-art methods on both question answer and retrieval tasks, achieving superior performance across different query types and top-K settings.
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Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 7030b8da-d61b-4317-9d24-053cdd8425d3Cited by top-tier papers5
- Evoking User Memory: Personalizing LLM via Recollection-Familiarity Adaptive RetrievalYingyi Zhang, Junyi Li, Wenlin Zhang, Pengyue Jia et al.ICLR 2026 · 11 citations
- MemSearch-o1: Empowering Large Language Models with Reasoning-Aligned Memory Growth in Agentic SearchSheng Zhang, Junyi Li, Yingyi Zhang, Pengyue Jia et al.ACL 2026 · 2 citations
- STRIDE: Strategic Iterative Decision-Making for Retrieval-Augmented Multi-Hop Question AnsweringWei Chen, Lili Zhao, Zhi Zheng, Huijun Hou et al.SIGIR 2026
- Memory-Augmented LLM-based Multi-Agent System for Automated Feature Generation on Tabular DataFengxian Dong, Zhi Zheng, Xiao Han, Wei Chen et al.ACL 2026
- Learning How and What to Memorize: Cognition-Inspired Two-Stage Optimization for Evolving MemoryDerong Xu, Shuochen Liu, Pengfei Luo, Pengyue Jia et al.ACL 2026
Builds on17
- MPNet: Masked and Permuted Pre-training for Language UnderstandingKaitao Song, Xu Tan, Tao Qin, Jianfeng Lu et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 1,957 citations
- Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human BehaviorJoon Sung Park, Joseph C. O'Brien, Carrie Jun Cai, Meredith Ringel Morris et al.UIST 2023 · 1,882 citations
- A-Mem: Agentic Memory for LLM AgentsWujiang Xu, Zujie Liang, Kai Mei, Hang Gao et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 1,138 citations
- RAPTOR: Recursive Abstractive Processing for Tree-Organized RetrievalParth Sarthi, Salman Abdullah, Aditi Tuli, Shubh Khanna et al.ICLR 2024 · 460 citations
- HippoRAG: Neurobiologically Inspired Long-Term Memory for Large Language ModelsBernal Jimenez Gutierrez, Yiheng Shu, Yu Gu, Michihiro Yasunaga et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 395 citations
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