Fighting Fire with Fire: The Dual Role of LLMs in Crafting and Detecting Elusive Disinformation
Jason Samuel Lucas, Adaku Uchendu, Michiharu Yamashita, Jooyoung Lee, Shaurya Rohatgi, Dongwon Lee
Abstract
Recent ubiquity and disruptive impacts of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about their potential to be misused (.i.e, generating large-scale harmful and misleading content). To combat this emerging risk of LLMs, we propose a novel "Fighting Fire with Fire" (F3) strategy that harnesses modern LLMs' generative and emergent reasoning capabilities to counter human-written and LLM-generated disinformation. First, we leverage GPT-3.5-turbo to synthesize authentic and deceptive LLM-generated content through paraphrase-based and perturbation-based prefix-style prompts, respectively. Second, we apply zero-shot in-context semantic reasoning techniques with cloze-style prompts to discern genuine from deceptive posts and news articles. In our extensive experiments, we observe GPT-3.5-turbo's zero-shot superiority for both in-distribution and out-of-distribution datasets, where GPT-3.5-turbo consistently achieved accuracy at 68-72%, unlike the decline observed in previous customized and fine-tuned disinformation detectors. Our codebase and dataset are available at https://github.com/mickeymst/F3.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 7020f13c-536b-415c-a32b-4b497b8b8d2bCited by top-tier papers22
- Fake News in Sheep's Clothing: Robust Fake News Detection Against LLM-Empowered Style AttacksJiaying Wu, Jiafeng Guo, Bryan HooiKDD 2024 · 69 citations
- What Does the Bot Say? Opportunities and Risks of Large Language Models in Social Media Bot DetectionShangbin Feng, Herun Wan, Ningnan Wang, Zhaoxuan Tan et al.ACL 2024 · 19 citations
- MultiSocial: Multilingual Benchmark of Machine-Generated Text Detection of Social-Media TextsDominik Macko, Jakub Kopal, Róbert Móro, Ivan SrbaACL 2025 · 15 citations
- Truth over Tricks: Measuring and Mitigating Shortcut Learning in Misinformation DetectionHerun Wan, Jiaying Wu, Minnan Luo, Zhi Zeng et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 14 citations
- LLM-based Rumor Detection via Influence Guided Sample Selection and Game-based Perspective AnalysisZhiliang Tian, Jingyuan Huang, Zejiang He, Zhen Huang et al.ACL 2025 · 8 citations
Builds on15
- Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsJason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 22,562 citations
- BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTTianyi Zhang, Varsha Kishore, Felix Wu, Kilian Q. Weinberger et al.ICLR 2020 · 8,443 citations
- Large Language Models are Zero-Shot ReasonersTakeshi Kojima, Shixiang Shane Gu, Machel Reid, Yutaka Matsuo et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 8,168 citations
- The Curious Case of Neural Text DegenerationAri Holtzman, Jan Buys, Li Du, Maxwell Forbes et al.ICLR 2020 · 4,112 citations
- Deberta: decoding-Enhanced Bert with Disentangled AttentionPengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu ChenICLR 2021 · 3,729 citations
Related papers
- Can LLM-Generated Misinformation Be Detected?Canyu Chen, Kai ShuICLR 2024 · 270 citations
- RADAR: Robust AI-Text Detection via Adversarial LearningXiaomeng Hu, Pin-Yu Chen, Tsung-Yi HoNeurIPS 2023 · 315 citations
- Are LLMs Good Zero-Shot Fallacy Classifiers?Fengjun Pan, Xiaobao Wu, Zongrui Li, Anh Tuan LuuEMNLP 2024 · 7 citations
- The Coherence Trap: When MLLM-Crafted Narratives Exploit Manipulated Visual ContextsYuchen Zhang, Yaxiong Wang, Yujiao Wu, Lianwei Wu et al.CVPR 2026 · 8 citations
- DEMASQ: Unmasking the ChatGPT WordsmithKavita Kumari, Alessandro Pegoraro, Hossein Fereidooni, Ahmad-Reza SadeghiNDSS 2024
