Conjuring: Leaking Control Flow via Speculative Fetch Attacks
Ali Hajiabadi, Trevor E. Carlson
Abstract
In this work, we propose a new attack called Conjuring that exploits one of the main features of CPUs' frontend: speculative fetch of instructions. We show that the Pattern History Table (PHT) in modern CPUs are a great channel to learn and leak control flow of victim applications. Unlike prior work, Conjuring does not require that one primes the PHT or interferes with the victim execution enabling a realistic and unprivileged attacker to leak control flow information. By improving the branch predictors, our attack becomes even more serious and practical. We demonstrate the feasibility of our attack on different existing Intel, AMD, and Apple CPUs.
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Cited by top-tier papers3
- Cassandra: Efficient Enforcement of Sequential Execution for Cryptographic ProgramsAli Hajiabadi, Trevor E. CarlsonISCA 2025 · 2 citations
- iEnFlow: Endogenous Control-Flow Attacks via Conditional Branch Prediction on Apple SiliconKaiyuan Rong, Jiajie Chen, Junqi Fang, Peng Qu et al.CCS 2026
- Exploiting Hidden Resource Contention in Selective Speculation DefensesXiaoyu Cheng, Fei Tong, Zhenyu Lei, Fang Jiang et al.USENIX Security 2026
Builds on17
- Spectre Attacks: Exploiting Speculative ExecutionPaul Kocher, Jann Horn, Anders Fogh, Daniel Genkin et al.S&P 2019 · 2,435 citations
- Inferring Fine-grained Control Flow Inside SGX Enclaves with Branch ShadowingSangho Lee, Ming-Wei Shih, Prasun Gera, Taesoo Kim et al.USENIX Security 2017 · 536 citations
- A Systematic Evaluation of Transient Execution Attacks and DefensesClaudio Canella, Jo Van Bulck, Michael Schwarz, Moritz Lipp et al.USENIX Security 2019 · 442 citations
- Translation Leak-aside Buffer: Defeating Cache Side-channel Protections with TLB AttacksBen Gras, Kaveh Razavi, Herbert Bos, Cristiano GiuffridaUSENIX Security 2018 · 357 citations
- You Autocomplete Me: Poisoning Vulnerabilities in Neural Code CompletionRoei Schuster, Congzheng Song, Eran Tromer, Vitaly ShmatikovUSENIX Security 2021 · 199 citations
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