Sparkly: A Simple yet Surprisingly Strong TF/IDF Blocker for Entity Matching
Derek Paulsen, Yash Govind, AnHai Doan
Abstract
Blocking is a major task in entity matching. Numerous blocking solutions have been developed, but as far as we can tell, blocking using the well-known tf/idf measure has received virtually no attention. Yet, when we experimented with tf/idf blocking using Lucene, we found it did quite well. So in this paper we examine tf/idf blocking in depth. We develop Sparkly, which uses Lucene to perform top-k tf/idf blocking in a distributed share-nothing fashion on a Spark cluster. We develop techniques to identify good attributes and tokenizers that can be used to block on, making Sparkly completely automatic. We perform extensive experiments showing that Sparkly outperforms 8 state-of-the-art blockers. Finally, we provide an in-depth analysis of Sparkly's performance, regarding both recall/output size and runtime. Our findings suggest that (a) tf/idf blocking needs more attention, (b) Sparkly forms a strong baseline that future blocking work should compare against, and (c) future blocking work should seriously consider top-k blocking, which helps improve recall, and a distributed share-nothing architecture, which helps improve scalability, predictability, and extensibility.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 576bd5ee-0808-440e-a9a3-71e3b5962f00Cited by top-tier papers8
- Balancing the Blend: An Experimental Analysis of Trade-offs in Hybrid SearchMengzhao Wang, Boyu Tan, Yunjun Gao, Hai Jin et al.VLDB 2026 · 8 citations
- Progressive Entity Matching: A Design Space ExplorationJakub Maciejewski, Konstantinos Nikoletos, George Papadakis, Yannis VelegrakisSIGMOD 2025 · 8 citations
- MultiEM: Efficient and Effective Unsupervised Multi-Table Entity MatchingXiaocan Zeng, Pengfei Wang, Yuren Mao, Lu Chen et al.ICDE 2024 · 5 citations
- Deduplicated Sampling On-DemandLuca Zecchini, Vasilis Efthymiou, Felix Naumann, Giovanni SimoniniVLDB 2025 · 2 citations
- Adaptive Graph Refinement and Label Propagation with LLMs for Cost-Effective Entity ResolutionHongtao Wang, Renchi Yang, Haoran Zheng, Xiangyu KeKDD 2026 · 1 citation
Builds on4
- Deep Entity Matching with Pre-Trained Language ModelsYuliang Li, Jinfeng Li, Yoshihiko Suhara, AnHai Doan et al.VLDB 2021 · 484 citations
- Deep Learning for Blocking in Entity Matching: A Design Space ExplorationSaravanan Thirumuruganathan, Han Li, Nan Tang, Mourad Ouzzani et al.VLDB 2021 · 109 citations
- Auto-FuzzyJoin: Auto-Program Fuzzy Similarity Joins Without Labeled ExamplesPeng Li, Xiang Cheng, Xu Chu, Yeye He et al.SIGMOD 2021 · 24 citations
- Benchmarking Filtering Techniques for Entity ResolutionGeorge Papadakis, Marco Fisichella, Franziska Schoger, George Mandilaras et al.ICDE 2023 · 17 citations
Related papers
- HyperBlocker: Accelerating Rule-based Blocking in Entity Resolution using GPUsXiaoke Zhu, Min Xie, Ting Deng, Qi ZhangVLDB 2025 · 2 citations
- Pre-trained Embeddings for Entity Resolution: An Experimental AnalysisAlexandros Zeakis, George Papadakis, Dimitrios Skoutas, Manolis KoubarakisVLDB 2023 · 63 citations
- Generalized Supervised Meta-blockingLuca Gagliardelli, George Papadakis, Giovanni Simonini, Sonia Bergamaschi et al.VLDB 2022 · 12 citations
- Physical vs. Logical Indexing with IDEA: Inverted Deduplication-Aware IndexAsaf Levi, Philip Shilane, Sarai Sheinvald, Gala YadgarFAST 2024 · 7 citations
- A Randomized Blocking Structure for Streaming Record LinkageDimitrios Karapiperis, Christos Tjortjis, Vassilios S. VerykiosVLDB 2023 · 7 citations
