In Situ 3D Scene Synthesis for Ubiquitous Embodied Interfaces

Virtual reality enables us to access and interact with immersive virtual environments anytime and anywhere in various fields such as entertainment, training, and education. However, users immersed in virtual scenes remain physically connected to their real-world surroundings, which can pose safety and immersion challenges. Although virtual scene synthesis has attracted widespread attention, many popular methods are limited to generating purely virtual scenes independent of physical environments or simply mapping physical objects as obstacles. To this end, we propose a scene agent that synthesizes situated 3D virtual scenes as a kind of ubiquitous embodied interface in VR for users. The scene agent synthesizes scenes by perceiving the user's physical environment as well as inferring the user's demands. The synthesized scenes maintain the affordances of the physical environment, enabling immersive users to interact with the physical environment and improving the user's sense of security. Meanwhile, the synthesized scenes maintain the style described by the user, improving the user's immersion. The comparison results show that the proposed scene agent can synthesize virtual scenes with better affordance maintenance, scene diversity, style maintenance, and 3D intersection over union compared to baselines. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that achieves in situ scene synthesis with virtual-real affordance consistency and user demand.