On the Diversity and Realism of Distilled Dataset: An Efficient Dataset Distillation Paradigm

Contemporary machine learning, which involves training large neural networks on massive datasets, faces significant computational challenges. Dataset distillation, as a recent emerging strategy, aims to compress real-world datasets for efficient training. However, this line of research currently struggles with large-scale and high-resolution datasets, hindering its practicality and feasibility. Thus, we re-examine existing methods and identify three properties essential for real-world applications: realism, diversity, and efficiency. As a remedy, we propose RDED, a novel computationally-efficient yet effective data distillation paradigm, to enable both diversity and realism of the distilled data. Extensive empirical results over various model architectures and datasets demonstrate the advancement of RDED: we can distill a dataset to 10 images per class from full ImageNet-1K [6] within 7 minutes, achieving a notable 42% accuracy with ResNet-18 [14] on a single RTX-4090 GPU (while the SOTA only achieves 21% but requires 6 hours). Code: https://github.com/LINs-1ab/RDED.