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EMNLP Findings2025

XL-Suite: Cross-Lingual Synthetic Training and Evaluation Data for Open-Ended Generation

Vivek Iyer, Pinzhen Chen, Ricardo Rei, Alexandra Birch

Abstract

Cross-lingual open-ended generationresponding in a language different from that of the query-is an important yet understudied problem. This work proposes XL-Instruct, a novel technique for generating high-quality synthetic data. We also introduce XL-AlpacaEval, a new benchmark for evaluating cross-lingual generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Our experiments show that fine-tuning with just 8K instructions generated using our XL-Instruct significantly improves model performance: increasing the win rate against GPT-4o-mini from 7.4% to 21.5% and improving on several fine-grained quality metrics.

Moreover, base LLMs fine-tuned on XL-Instruct exhibit strong zero-shot improvements to same-language question answering, as shown on our machine-translated m-AlpacaEval. These consistent gains highlight the promising role of XL-Instruct in the post-training of multilingual LLMs. Finally, we publicly release XL-Suite, a collection of training and evaluation data to facilitate research in cross-lingual open-ended generation.

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Builds on14

  1. AlpacaFarm: A Simulation Framework for Methods that Learn from Human FeedbackYann Dubois, Chen Xuechen Li, Rohan Taori, Tianyi Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 948 citations
  2. G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using Gpt-4 with Better Human AlignmentYang Liu, Dan Iter, Yichong Xu, Shuohang Wang et al.EMNLP 2023 · 549 citations
  3. Crosslingual Generalization through Multitask FinetuningNiklas Muennighoff, Thomas Wang, Lintang Sutawika, Adam Roberts et al.ACL 2023 · 319 citations
  4. Can Large Language Models Be an Alternative to Human Evaluations?David Cheng-Han Chiang, Hung-yi LeeACL 2023 · 254 citations
  5. Self-Alignment with Instruction BacktranslationXian Li, Ping Yu, Chunting Zhou, Timo Schick et al.ICLR 2024 · 174 citations

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