ReasonEmbed: Enhanced Text Embeddings for Reasoning-Intensive Document Retrieval
Jianlyu Chen, Junwei Lan, Chaofan Li, Defu Lian, Zheng Liu
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce ReasonEmbed, a novel text embedding model developed for reasoning-intensive document retrieval. Our work includes three key technical contributions. First, we propose ReMixer, a new data synthesis method that overcomes the triviality problem prevalent in previous synthetic datasets, enabling large-scale production of 82K highquality training samples. Second, we design Redapter, a self-adaptive learning algorithm that dynamically adjusts training each sample's weight based on its reasoning intensity. This allows the model to effectively capture the complex semantic relationships between queries and documents. Third, we implement Rea-sonEmbed across multiple backbones of varying sizes, all of which achieve superior performance on reasoning-intensive retrieval tasks. Notably, our ReasonEmbed-Qwen3-8B model offers a record-high nDCG@10 score of 38.1 on the BRIGHT benchmark (SU et al., 2025) , which significantly outperforms existing text embedding models. We will fully open-source our created resources in ReasonEmbed to push forward the research advancement in this field 1 .
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Install the CLIlune papers fulltext 26f6d568-17d1-4d9b-9909-59f9a41eea32Cited by top-tier papers3
- Internalizing Explicit Reasoning into Latent Space for Dense RetrievalJiajie Jin, Yanzhao Zhang, Mingxin Li, Dingkun Long et al.SIGIR 2026
- A Survey of Reasoning-Intensive Retrieval: Progress and ChallengesYiyang Wei, Tingyu Song, Siyue Zhang, Yilun ZhaoACL 2026
- With Argus Eyes: Assessing Retrieval Gaps via Uncertainty Scoring to Detect and Remedy Retrieval Blind SpotsZeinab Taghavi, Ali Modarressi, Hinrich Schuetze, Andreas MarfurtICML 2026
Builds on11
- Reflexion: language agents with verbal reinforcement learningNoah Shinn, Federico Cassano, Ashwin Gopinath, Karthik Narasimhan et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 5,828 citations
- ReasonRank: Empowering Passage Ranking with Strong Reasoning AbilityWenhan Liu, Xinyu Ma, Weiwei Sun, Yutao Zhu et al.ACL 2026 · 43 citations
- MMTEB: Massive Multilingual Text Embedding BenchmarkKenneth C. Enevoldsen, Isaac Chung, Imene Kerboua, Márton Kardos et al.ICLR 2025 · 10 citations
- Retro*: Optimizing LLMs for Reasoning-Intensive Document RetrievalJunwei Lan, Jianlyu Chen, Zheng Liu, Chaofan Li et al.ICLR 2026 · 8 citations
- RaDeR: Reasoning-aware Dense Retrieval ModelsDebrup Das, Seán Ó Nualláin, Razieh RahimiEMNLP 2025 · 1 citation
Related papers
- BRIGHT: A Realistic and Challenging Benchmark for Reasoning-Intensive RetrievalHongjin Su, Howard Yen, Mengzhou Xia, Weijia Shi et al.ICLR 2025
- Rethinking Reasoning-Intensive Retrieval: Evaluating and Advancing Retrievers in Agentic Search SystemsYilun Zhao, Jinbiao Wei, Tingyu Song, Siyue Zhang et al.ACL 2026
- ReAlign: Optimizing the Visual Document Retriever with Reasoning-Guided Fine-Grained AlignmentHao Yang, Yifan Ji, Zhipeng Xu, Zhenghao Liu et al.SIGIR 2026 · 4 citations
- ElicitR: Unlocking Latent Reasoning in Dense Retrievers via Generative RegularizationFengyu Cai, Iryna Gurevych, Heinz KoepplICML 2026
- RMIR: A Benchmark Dataset for Reasoning-Intensive Multimodal Image RetrievalYijiang Li, Kunal Kotian, Ali Marjaninejad, Meir Friedenberg et al.CVPR 2026
