Evaluating the Evaluation of Diversity in Commonsense Generation
Tianhui Zhang, Bei Peng, Danushka Bollegala
Abstract
In commonsense generation, given a set of input concepts, a model must generate a response that is not only commonsense bearing, but also capturing multiple diverse viewpoints. Numerous evaluation metrics based on form- and content-level overlap have been proposed in prior work for evaluating the diversity of a commonsense generation model. However, it remains unclear as to which metrics are best suited for evaluating the diversity in commonsense generation. To address this gap, we conduct a systematic meta-evaluation of diversity metrics for commonsense generation. We find that form-based diversity metrics tend to consistently overestimate the diversity in sentence sets, where even randomly generated sentences are assigned overly high diversity scores. We then use an Large Language Model (LLM) to create a novel dataset annotated for the diversity of sentences generated for a commonsense generation task, and use it to conduct a meta-evaluation of the existing diversity evaluation metrics. Our experimental results show that content-based diversity evaluation metrics consistently outperform the form-based counterparts, showing high correlations with the LLM-based ratings. We recommend that future work on commonsense generation should use content-based metrics for evaluating the diversity of their outputs.
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Cited by top-tier papers2
- Synthetic Data Generation for Training Diversified Commonsense Reasoning ModelsTianhui Zhang, Bei Peng, Danushka BollegalaACL 2026 · 1 citation
- Uncertainty Quantification for Retrieval-Augmented ReasoningHeydar Soudani, Hamed Zamani, Faegheh HasibiSIGIR 2026 · 1 citation
Builds on9
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTTianyi Zhang, Varsha Kishore, Felix Wu, Kilian Q. Weinberger et al.ICLR 2020 · 8,443 citations
- The Curious Case of Neural Text DegenerationAri Holtzman, Jan Buys, Li Du, Maxwell Forbes et al.ICLR 2020 · 4,112 citations
- SimCSE: Simple Contrastive Learning of Sentence EmbeddingsTianyu Gao, Xingcheng Yao, Danqi ChenEMNLP 2021 · 2,496 citations
- Directed Diversity: Leveraging Language Embedding Distances for Collective Creativity in Crowd IdeationSamuel Rhys Cox, Yunlong Wang, Ashraf M. Abdul, Christian von der Weth et al.CHI 2021 · 24 citations
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