Lune

ACL2025Top-tier venue

MEXMA: Token-level objectives improve sentence representations

João Maria Janeiro, Benjamin Piwowarski, Patrick Gallinari, Loïc Barrault

2025Year
2Top-tier citations

Abstract

Current pre-trained cross-lingual sentence encoders approaches use sentence-level objectives only. This can lead to loss of information, especially for tokens, which then degrades the sentence representation. We propose MEXMA, a novel approach that integrates both sentence-level and token-level objectives. The sentence representation in one language is used to predict masked tokens in another language, with both the sentence representation and all tokens directly updating the encoder. We show that adding token-level objectives greatly improves the sentence representation quality across several tasks. Our approach outperforms current pre-trained cross-lingual sentence encoders on bi-text mining as well as several downstream tasks. We also analyse the information encoded in our tokens, and how the sentence representation is built from them.

Ask about this paper

Your agent reads all of it.

Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.

Questions to start from

Your agent calls

Luneget_paper_fulltext

Ask in Lune

Free to start. No credit card required.

lune papers fulltext 06ddece9-c73e-4cfb-85ce-2b6df6cb90b5

Cited by top-tier papers2

Ask how each one uses it

Builds on11

Related papers

Dusk over the sea between two cliffs drawn in fine vertical lines