DVI-DTM: Dual-View Representation Learning for Interpretable Short Text Dynamic Topic Modeling

Dynamic topic modeling aims to capture topic evolution from temporal text corpora. However, existing methods face two major challenges when applied to short texts: semantic ambiguity and interpretation ambiguity. Semantic ambiguity arises from the sparsity of short texts and the neglect of temporal semantic shifts. Interpretation ambiguity refers to the latent topics that lack human-understandable descriptions. In this work, we propose a novel D ual-V iew representation learning-based I nterpretable short text D ynamic T opic M odel ( DVI-DTM ). To address semantic ambiguity, the Dual-View Representation Learning module is presented to learn robust document-topic distributions by aligning temporal-aware term view and sentence view representations of short texts. To tackle interpretation ambiguity, we introduce a GEA Topic Refiner that leverages LLM agents to generate topic descriptions and refine document-topic distributions through collaborative semantic reasoning. Furthermore, a Dual-Factor Ranking module is designed to capture the topic evolution through semantic relevance and temporal uniqueness. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that DVI-DTM outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines in topic alignment and dynamic topic quality metrics while producing highly interpretable topic descriptions.