Efficient Communication in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Consensus Generation

A key challenge in multi-agent collaborative tasks is reducing uncertainty about teammates to enhance cooperative performance. Explicit communication methods can reduce uncertainty about teammates, but the associated high communication costs limit their practicality. Alternatively, implicit consensus learning can promote cooperation without incurring communication costs. However, its performance declines significantly when local observations are severely limited. This paper introduces a novel multi-agent learning framework that combines the strengths of these methods. In our framework, agents generate a consensus about the group based on their local observations and then use both the consensus and local observations to produce messages. Since the consensus provides a certain level of global guidance, communication can be disabled when not essential, thereby reducing overhead. Meanwhile, communication can provide supplementary information to the consensus when necessary. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm significantly reduces inter-agent communication overhead while ensuring efficient collaboration.