Situated Imaginaries: Designing AI Futures with Computer Science Teaching Assistants

Teaching assistants (TAs) play a critical role in computing and HCI education, yet little is known about how they perceive and use AI tools or imagine their future pedagogical uses. We report on a series of design workshops with 131 computing (CS) TAs across two U.S. universities. These workshops invited TAs to reflect on current AI use and envision future AI-enhanced tools and practices. Drawing on surveys and design artifacts, we (1) develop a cross-institutional typology of situated TA uses of AI, revealing opportunities and tensions; (2) show how TAs’ visions of AI are shaped by disciplinary norms, institutional structures, and their intermediary position as student-instructors; and (3) reveal ethical dilemmas. Our findings contribute to HCI by positioning TAs as AI-supported knowledge workers in the education domain; illustrating how design and speculation are shaped by people’s situated understandings of AI and their institutional contexts; and identifying a core tension in which TAs simultaneously preserve and erode the human dimensions of their work, with implications for future instructional tools and human–AI collaboration.