DynamicInfer: Runtime-Aware Sparse Offloading for LLMs Inference on a Consumer-Grade GPU

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various NLP tasks, but their enormous memory footprints pose significant challenges for deployment on consumer-grade GPUs. Prior solutions, such as PowerInfer, combine offloading and sparse activation to reduce memory and computational overhead, but suffer from static neuron partitioning, leading to suboptimal GPU utilization and increased latency. In this work, we present DynamicInfer, a runtime neuron offloading framework that dynamically adapts neuron scheduling based on input-dependent activation patterns. DynamicInfer introduces (1) a hierarchical neural caching strategies, (2) a load-aware neuron activation mechanism tailored to heterogeneous hardware, and (3) an activation-aware prefetching pipeline that overlaps data transfer with computation. Extensive experiments on ReluLLaMA and Prosparse models across multiple hardware platforms demonstrate that Dy-namicInfer achieves up to 253% speedup over llama.cpp and 59% over PowerInfer, while retaining model accuracy. Our approach offers a practical and scalable solution for high-performance LLM inference on resource-constrained devices. INTRODUCTION Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing tasks such as text summarization (