ReSeeding Latent States for Sequential Language Understanding

We introduce Refeeding State Embeddings aligned using Environmental Data (RESEED), a novel method for grounding language in environmental data. While large language models (LLMs) excel at many tasks, they continue to struggle with multi-step sequential reasoning. RESEED addresses this by producing latent embeddings aligned with the true state of the environment and refeeding these embeddings into the model before generating its output. To evaluate its effectiveness, we develop three new sequential reasoning benchmarks, each with a training set of paired state-text trajectories and several text-only evaluation sets that test generalization to longer trajectories. Across all benchmarks, RESEED significantly improves generalization and scalability over a text-only baseline. We further show that RE-SEED outperforms commercial LLMs on our benchmarks, highlighting the value of grounding language in the environment. 1