Error Concealment of Dynamic 3D Point Cloud Streaming

Recently standardized MPEG Video-based Point Cloud Compression (V-PCC) codec has shown promise in achieving a good rate-distortion ratio of dynamic 3D point cloud compression. Current error concealment methods of V-PCC, however, lead to significantly distorted 3D point cloud frames under imperfect network conditions. To address this problem, we propose a general framework for concealing distorted and lost 3D point cloud frames due to packet loss. We also design, implement, and evaluate a suite of tools for each stage of our framework, which can be combined into multiple variants of error concealment algorithms. We conduct extensive experiments using seven dynamic 3D point cloud sequences with diverse characteristics to understand the strengths and limitations of our proposed error concealment algorithms. Our experiment results show that our algorithms outperform: (i) the method employed by V-PCC by at least 3.58 dB in Geometry Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (GPSNR) and 10.68 in Video Multi-Method Assessment Fusion (VMAF) and (ii) point cloud frame copy method by at most 5.8 dB in (3D) GPSNR and 12.0 in (2D) VMAF. Further, the proposed error concealment framework and algorithms work in the 3D domain, and thus are agnostic to the codecs and are applicable to future point cloud compression standards