FaceLift: Semi-Supervised 3D Facial Landmark Localization
David Ferman, Pablo Garrido, Gaurav Bharaj
Abstract
3D facial landmark localization has proven to be of particular use for applications, such as face tracking, 3D face modeling, and image-based 3D face reconstruction. In the supervised learning case, such methods usually rely on 3D landmark datasets derived from 3DMM-based registration that often lack spatial definition alignment, as compared with that chosen by hand-labeled human consensus, e.g., how are eyebrow landmarks defined? This creates a gap between landmark datasets generated via high-quality 2D human labels and 3DMMs, and it ultimately limits their effectiveness. To address this issue, we introduce a novel semi-supervised learning approach that learns 3D landmarks by directly lifting (visible) hand-labeled 2D landmarks and ensures better definition alignment, without the need for 3D landmark datasets. To lift 2D landmarks to 3D, we leverage 3D-aware GANs for better multi-view consistency learning and inthe-wild multi-frame videos for robust cross-generalization. Empirical experiments demonstrate that our method not only achieves better definition alignment between 2D-3D landmarks but also outperforms other supervised learning 3D landmark localization methods on both 3DMM labeled and photogrammetric ground truth evaluation datasets. Project
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext fd26113f-6843-43ee-9a42-14bb26400fc7Cited by top-tier papers3
- SEREP: Semantic Facial Expression Representation for Robust in-the-Wild Capture and RetargetingArthur Josi, Luiz Gustavo Hafemann, Abdallah Dib, Emeline Got et al.ICCV 2025 · 1 citation
- Electromyography-Informed Facial Expression Reconstruction for Physiological-Based Synthesis and AnalysisTim Büchner, Christoph Anders, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Joachim DenzlerCVPR 2025
- BidMatch: Boosting Semi-Supervised Learning by Bi-Dimensional Sample Weight GuidanceXianling Yang, Zhiwen Yu, Song Sun, Kaixiang YangAAAI 2026
Builds on17
- An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at ScaleAlexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn et al.ICLR 2021 · 21,477 citations
- Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial NetworksEric R. Chan, Connor Z. Lin, Matthew A. Chan, Koki Nagano et al.CVPR 2022 · 984 citations
- 3D Human Pose Estimation with Spatial and Temporal TransformersCe Zheng, Sijie Zhu, Matías Mendieta, Taojiannan Yang et al.ICCV 2021 · 648 citations
- MHFormer: Multi-Hypothesis Transformer for 3D Human Pose EstimationWenhao Li, Hong Liu, Hao Tang, Pichao Wang et al.CVPR 2022 · 403 citations
- Fake it till you make it: face analysis in the wild using synthetic data aloneErroll Wood, Tadas Baltrusaitis, Charlie Hewitt, Sebastian Dziadzio et al.ICCV 2021 · 331 citations
Related papers
- Exploiting Self-Supervised and Semi-Supervised Learning for Facial Landmark Tracking with Unlabeled DataShi Yin, Shangfei Wang, Xiaoping Chen, Enhong ChenACM MM 2020 · 7 citations
- Semi-Supervised Monocular 3D Face Reconstruction With End-to-End Shape-Preserved Domain TransferJingtan Piao, Chen Qian, Hongsheng LiICCV 2019 · 31 citations
- Deep Unsupervised 3D SfM Face Reconstruction Based on Massive Landmark Bundle AdjustmentYuxing Wang, Yawen Lu, Zhihua Xie, Guoyu LuACM MM 2021 · 15 citations
- AniFaceGAN: Animatable 3D-Aware Face Image Generation for Video AvatarsYue Wu, Yu Deng, Jiaolong Yang, Fangyun Wei et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 77 citations
- Unsupervised Disentanglement of Linear-Encoded Facial SemanticsYutong Zheng, Yu-Kai Huang, Ran Tao, Zhiqiang Shen et al.CVPR 2021
