Flex3D: Feed-Forward 3D Generation with Flexible Reconstruction Model and Input View Curation
Junlin Han, Jianyuan Wang, Andrea Vedaldi, Philip Torr, Filippos Kokkinos
Abstract
Generating high-quality 3D content from text, single images, or sparse view images remains a challenging task with broad applications. Existing methods typically employ multi-view diffusion models to synthesize multi-view images, followed by a feed-forward process for 3D reconstruction. However, these approaches are often constrained by a small and fixed number of input views, limiting their ability to capture diverse viewpoints and, even worse, leading to suboptimal generation results if the synthesized views are of poor quality. To address these limitations, we propose Flex3D, a novel two-stage framework capable of leveraging an arbitrary number of high-quality input views. The first stage consists of a candidate view generation and curation pipeline. We employ a finetuned multi-view image diffusion model and a video diffusion model to generate a pool of candidate views, enabling a rich representation of the target 3D object. Subsequently, a view selection pipeline filters these views based on quality and consistency, ensuring that only the high-quality and reliable views are used for reconstruction. In the second stage, the curated views are fed into a Flexible Reconstruction Model (FlexRM), built upon a transformer architecture that can effectively process an arbitrary number of inputs. FlexRM directly outputs 3D Gaussian points leveraging a tri-plane representation, enabling efficient and detailed 3D generation. Through extensive exploration of design and training strategies, we optimize FlexRM to achieve superior performance in both reconstruction and generation tasks. Our results demonstrate that Flex3D achieves state-of-theart performance, with a user study winning rate of over 92% in 3D generation tasks when compared to several of the latest feed-forward 3D generative models. See project page for more immersive 3D results.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext f5d97d6d-5805-4eab-b93d-eb6f891fe17eCited by top-tier papers7
- BiMotion: B-spline Motion for Text-guided Dynamic 3D Character GenerationMiaowei Wang, Qingxuan Yan, Zhi Cao, Yayuan Li et al.CVPR 2026 · 6 citations
- Generative Human Geometry DistributionXiangjun Tang, Biao Zhang, Peter WonkaICLR 2026 · 4 citations
- MARVEL-40M+: Multi-Level Visual Elaboration for High-Fidelity Text-to-3D Content CreationSankalp Sinha, Mohammad Sadil Khan, Muhammad Usama, Shino Sam et al.CVPR 2025
- MLLMSplat: A 2D MLLM-Powered Framework for 3D Gaussian Splatting Understanding, Generation, and EditingJingqiao Xiu, Can Wang, Dong XuCVPR 2026
- Gen3DEval: Using vLLMs for Automatic Evaluation of Generated 3D ObjectsShalini Maiti, Lourdes Agapito, Filippos KokkinosCVPR 2025
Builds on37
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at ScaleAlexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn et al.ICLR 2021 · 21,477 citations
- Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision TransformersMathilde Caron, Hugo Touvron, Ishan Misra, Hervé Jégou et al.ICCV 2021 · 8,921 citations
- 3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field RenderingBernhard Kerbl, Georgios Kopanas, Thomas Leimkühler, George DrettakisSIGGRAPH 2023 · 5,687 citations
- Zero-1-to-3: Zero-shot One Image to 3D ObjectRuoshi Liu, Rundi Wu, Basile Van Hoorick, Pavel Tokmakov et al.ICCV 2023 · 1,662 citations
Related papers
- DMV3D: Denoising Multi-view Diffusion Using 3D Large Reconstruction ModelYinghao Xu, Hao Tan, Fujun Luan, Sai Bi et al.ICLR 2024 · 234 citations
- Cycle3D: High-quality and Consistent Image-to-3D Generation via Generation-Reconstruction CycleZhenyu Tang, Junwu Zhang, Xinhua Cheng, Wangbo Yu et al.AAAI 2025 · 43 citations
- FlexGen: Flexible Multi-View Generation from Text and Image InputsXinli Xu, Wenhang Ge, Jiantao Lin, Jiawei Feng et al.ICCV 2025
- Instant3D: Fast Text-to-3D with Sparse-view Generation and Large Reconstruction ModelJiahao Li, Hao Tan, Kai Zhang, Zexiang Xu et al.ICLR 2024 · 408 citations
- Wonderland: Navigating 3D Scenes from a Single ImageHanwen Liang, Junli Cao, Vidit Goel, Guocheng Qian et al.CVPR 2025
