Lune

EMNLP Findings2023

MCC-KD: Multi-CoT Consistent Knowledge Distillation

Hongzhan Chen, Siyue Wu, Xiaojun Quan, Rui Wang, Ming Yan, Ji Zhang

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning through chain of thought (CoT) prompting. Recently, there has been a growing interest in transferring these reasoning abilities from LLMs to smaller models. However, achieving both the diversity and consistency in rationales presents a challenge. In this paper, we focus on enhancing these two aspects and propose Multi-CoT Consistent Knowledge Distillation (MCC-KD) to efficiently distill the reasoning capabilities. In MCC-KD, we generate multiple rationales for each question and enforce consistency among the corresponding predictions by minimizing the bidirectional KL-divergence between the answer distributions. We investigate the effectiveness of MCC-KD with different model architectures (LLaMA/FlanT5) and various model scales (3B/7B/11B/13B) on both mathematical reasoning and commonsense reasoning benchmarks. The empirical results not only confirm MCC-KD's superior performance on in-distribution datasets but also highlight its robust generalization ability on out-of-distribution datasets.

Ask Lune

Ask anything. The answer quotes the paper.

Lune reads all of it and the papers around it, then shows you the passages behind every answer.

Questions to start from

Lune answers from

the full paper · 9 top-tier papers that cite it · related work

Get the answer

Free to start. No credit card required.

Cited by top-tier papers9

  1. Prime Once, then Reprogram Locally: An Efficient Alternative to Black-Box Service Model AdaptationYunbei Zhang, Chengyi Cai, Feng Liu, Jihun HammCVPR 2026 · 5 citations
  2. MIND: From Passive Mimicry to Active Reasoning through Capability-Aware Multi-Perspective CoT DistillationJin Cui, Jiaqi Guo, Jiepeng Zhou, Ruixuan Yang et al.ACL 2026 · 1 citation
  3. Smaller but Better: Self-Paced Knowledge Distillation for Lightweight yet Effective LCMsYujia Chen, Yang Ye, Zhongqi Li, Yuchi Ma et al.FSE 2025 · 1 citation
  4. Capture the Key in Reasoning to Enhance CoT Distillation GeneralizationChengwei Dai, Kun Li, Wei Zhou, Songlin HuACL 2025
  5. Learning from Diverse Reasoning Paths with Routing and CollaborationZhenyu Lei, Zhen Tan, Song Wang, Yaochen Zhu et al.EMNLP 2025

Builds on11

  1. Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
  2. Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsJason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 22,562 citations
  3. LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language ModelsEdward J. Hu, Yelong Shen, Phillip Wallis, Zeyuan Allen-Zhu et al.ICLR 2022 · 18,833 citations
  4. Large Language Models are Zero-Shot ReasonersTakeshi Kojima, Shixiang Shane Gu, Machel Reid, Yutaka Matsuo et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 8,168 citations
  5. Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language ModelsXuezhi Wang, Jason Wei, Dale Schuurmans, Quoc V. Le et al.ICLR 2023 · 681 citations

Related papers

  1. Mentor-KD: Making Small Language Models Better Multi-step ReasonersHojae Lee, Junho Kim, SangKeun LeeEMNLP 2024
  2. UniCoTT: A Unified Framework for Structural Chain-of-Thought DistillationXianwei Zhuang, Zhihong Zhu, Zhichang Wang, Xuxin Cheng et al.ICLR 2025
  3. Teaching Small Language Models Reasoning through Counterfactual DistillationTao Feng, Yicheng Li, Chenglin Li, Hao Chen et al.EMNLP 2024 · 1 citation
  4. Small Models Struggle to Learn from Strong ReasonersYuetai Li, Xiang Yue, Zhangchen Xu, Fengqing Jiang et al.ACL Findings 2025 · 5 citations
  5. Towards Efficient CoT Distillation: Self-Guided Rationale Selector for Better Performance with Fewer RationalesJianzhi Yan, Le Liu, Youcheng Pan, Shiwei Chen et al.EMNLP Findings 2025
Dusk over the sea between two cliffs drawn in fine vertical lines