The Truth is in There: Improving Reasoning in Language Models with Layer-Selective Rank Reduction
Pratyusha Sharma, Jordan T. Ash, Dipendra Misra
Abstract
Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a fixture in modern machine learning. Correspondingly, significant resources are allocated towards research that aims to further advance this technology, typically resulting in models of increasing size that are trained on increasing amounts of data. This work, however, demonstrates the surprising result that it is often possible to significantly improve the performance of LLMs by selectively removing higher-order components 1 of their weight matrices. This simple intervention, which we call LAyer-SElective Rank reduction (LASER), can be done on a model after training has completed, and requires no additional parameters or data. We show extensive experiments demonstrating the generality of this finding across language models and datasets, and provide in-depth analyses offering insights into both when LASER is effective and the mechanism by which it operates 2 .
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext efdab75f-ea18-4927-90bc-6b72f9200fd9Cited by top-tier papers56
- Assessing the Brittleness of Safety Alignment via Pruning and Low-Rank ModificationsBoyi Wei, Kaixuan Huang, Yangsibo Huang, Tinghao Xie et al.ICML 2024 · 215 citations
- How do Large Language Models Handle Multilingualism?Yiran Zhao, Wenxuan Zhang, Guizhen Chen, Kenji Kawaguchi et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 196 citations
- LoRA vs Full Fine-tuning: An Illusion of EquivalenceReece Shuttleworth, Jacob Andreas, Antonio Torralba, Pratyusha SharmaNeurIPS 2025 · 152 citations
- LoFiT: Localized Fine-tuning on LLM RepresentationsFangcong Yin, Xi Ye, Greg DurrettNeurIPS 2024 · 74 citations
- Compressing Large Language Models using Low Rank and Low Precision DecompositionRajarshi Saha, Naomi Sagan, Varun Srivastava, Andrea Goldsmith et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 74 citations
Builds on10
- Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
- An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at ScaleAlexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn et al.ICLR 2021 · 21,477 citations
- Locating and Editing Factual Associations in GPTKevin Meng, David Bau, Alex Andonian, Yonatan BelinkovNeurIPS 2022 · 3,415 citations
- TruthfulQA: Measuring How Models Mimic Human FalsehoodsStephanie Lin, Jacob Hilton, Owain EvansACL 2022 · 3,228 citations
- Decision Transformer: Reinforcement Learning via Sequence ModelingLili Chen, Kevin Lu, Aravind Rajeswaran, Kimin Lee et al.NeurIPS 2021 · 2,557 citations
Related papers
- Compress to Impress: Efficient LLM Adaptation Using a Single Gradient Step on 100 SamplesShiva Sreeram, Alaa Maalouf, Pratyusha Sharma, Daniela RusNeurIPS 2025 · 2 citations
- Disentangling Geometry, Performance, and Training in Language ModelsAtharva Kulkarni, Jacob Mitchell Springer, Arjun Subramonian, Swabha SwayamdiptaICML 2026 · 1 citation
- Surgical Feature-Space Decomposition of LLMs: Why, When and How?Arnav Chavan, Nahush Lele, Deepak K. GuptaACL 2024 · 1 citation
- Incorporating Residual and Normalization Layers into Analysis of Masked Language ModelsGoro Kobayashi, Tatsuki Kuribayashi, Sho Yokoi, Kentaro InuiEMNLP 2021 · 28 citations
- Talking Heads: Understanding Inter-Layer Communication in Transformer Language ModelsJack Merullo, Carsten Eickhoff, Ellie PavlickNeurIPS 2024 · 49 citations
