3D Concept Learning and Reasoning from Multi-View Images
Yining Hong, Chunru Lin, Yilun Du, Zhenfang Chen, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Chuang Gan
Abstract
Humans are able to accurately reason in 3D by gathering multi-view observations of the surrounding world. Inspired by this insight, we introduce a new large-scale benchmark for 3D multi-view visual question answering (3DMV-VQA). This dataset is collected by an embodied agent actively moving and capturing RGB images in an environment using the Habitat simulator. In total, it consists of approximately 5k scenes, 600k images, paired with 50k questions. We evaluate various state-of-the-art models for visual reasoning on our benchmark and find that they all perform poorly. We suggest that a principled approach for 3D reasoning from multi-view images should be to infer a compact 3D representation of the world from the multi-view images, which is further grounded on open-vocabulary semantic concepts, and then to execute reasoning on these 3D representations. As the first step towards this approach, we propose a novel 3D concept learning and reasoning (3D-CLR) framework that seamlessly combines these components via neural fields, 2D pre-trained vision-language models, and neural reasoning operators. Experimental results suggest that our framework outperforms baseline models by a large margin, but the challenge remains largely unsolved. We further perform an in-depth analysis of the challenges and highlight potential future directions. .
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Install the CLIlune papers fulltext ef86687c-0b20-45d5-960f-939ace7e4f92Cited by top-tier papers38
- 3D-LLM: Injecting the 3D World into Large Language ModelsYining Hong, Haoyu Zhen, Peihao Chen, Shuhong Zheng et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 662 citations
- SpatialRGPT: Grounded Spatial Reasoning in Vision-Language ModelsAn-Chieh Cheng, Hongxu Yin, Yang Fu, Qiushan Guo et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 412 citations
- RoboRefer: Towards Spatial Referring with Reasoning in Vision-Language Models for RoboticsEnshen Zhou, Jingkun An, Cheng Chi, Yi Han et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 159 citations
- Cameras as Relative Positional EncodingRuilong Li, Brent Yi, Junchen Liu, Hang Gao et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 113 citations
- Spatial Mental Modeling from Limited ViewsQineng Wang, Baiqiao Yin, Pingyue Zhang, Jianshu Zhang et al.ICLR 2026 · 92 citations
Builds on30
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- Zero-Shot Text-to-Image GenerationAditya Ramesh, Mikhail Pavlov, Gabriel Goh, Scott Gray et al.ICML 2021 · 6,356 citations
- Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI ResearchManolis Savva, Jitendra Malik, Devi Parikh, Dhruv Batra et al.ICCV 2019 · 1,863 citations
- PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human DigitizationShunsuke Saito, Zeng Huang, Ryota Natsume, Shigeo Morishima et al.ICCV 2019 · 1,411 citations
- PlenOctrees for Real-time Rendering of Neural Radiance FieldsAlex Yu, Ruilong Li, Matthew Tancik, Hao Li et al.ICCV 2021 · 1,284 citations
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