A Haptic Stimulation-Based Training Method to Improve the Quality of Motor Imagery EEG Signal in VR

With the emergence of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology and virtual reality (VR), how to improve the quality of motor imagery (MI) electroencephalogram (EEG) signal has become a key issue for MI BCI applications under VR. In this paper, we proposed to enhance the quality of MI EEG signal by using haptic stimulation training. We designed a first-person perspective and a third-person perspective scene under VR, and the experimental results showed that the left- and right-hand MI EEG quality of the participants improved significantly compared with that before training, and the mean differentiation of the left- and right-hand MI tasks was improved by 21.8% and 15.7%, respectively. We implemented a BCI application system in VR and developed a game based on MI EEG for control of ball movement, in which the average classification accuracy by the participants after training in the first-person perspective reached 93.5%, which was a significant improvement over existing study.