LES3: Learning-based exact set similarity search
Yifan Li, Xiaohui Yu, Nick Koudas
Abstract
Set similarity search is a problem of central interest to a wide variety of applications such as data cleaning and web search. Past approaches on set similarity search utilize either heavy indexing structures, incurring large search costs or indexes that produce large candidate sets. In this paper, we design a learning-based exact set similarity search approach, LES 3 . Our approach first partitions sets into groups, and then utilizes a light-weight bitmap-like indexing structure, called token-group matrix (TGM), to organize groups and prune out candidates given a query set. In order to optimize pruning using the TGM, we analytically investigate the optimal partitioning strategy under certain distributional assumptions. Using these results, we then design a learning-based partitioning approach called L2P and an associated data representation encoding, PTR, to identify the partitions. We conduct extensive experiments on real and synthetic datasets to fully study LES 3 , establishing the effectiveness and superiority over other applicable approaches.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Cited by top-tier papers3
- Adversarial Encoding Perturbation and Synthesis for Set Representation Auxiliary LearningYankai Chen, Xinni Zhang, Henry Peng Zou, Bowei He et al.ICLR 2026
- PAIL: Efficient kNN Search on Set-Valued AttributesDaniel Ulrich Schmitt, Thomas Hütter, Nikolaus AugstenVLDB 2026
- Distributionally Robust Set Representation Learning Under Inference-Time Element CorruptionYankai Chen, Hanrong Zhang, Bowei He, Philip Yu et al.ICML 2026
Builds on7
- ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned IndexJialin Ding, Umar Farooq Minhas, Jia Yu, Chi Wang et al.SIGMOD 2020 · 274 citations
- Learning Multi-Dimensional IndexesVikram Nathan, Jialin Ding, Mohammad Alizadeh, Tim KraskaSIGMOD 2020 · 180 citations
- LISA: A Learned Index Structure for Spatial DataPengfei Li, Hua Lu, Qian Zheng, Long Yang et al.SIGMOD 2020 · 158 citations
- Learning Space Partitions for Nearest Neighbor SearchYihe Dong, Piotr Indyk, Ilya P. Razenshteyn, Tal WagnerICLR 2020 · 104 citations
- The Case for a Learned Sorting AlgorithmAni Kristo, Kapil Vaidya, Ugur Çetintemel, Sanchit Misra et al.SIGMOD 2020 · 47 citations
Related papers
- TokenJoin: Efficient Filtering for Set Similarity Join with Maximum Weighted Bipartite MatchingAlexandros Zeakis, Dimitrios Skoutas, Dimitris Sacharidis, Odysseas Papapetrou et al.VLDB 2023 · 7 citations
- MetricJoin: Leveraging Metric Properties for Robust Exact Set Similarity JoinsManuel Widmoser, Daniel Kocher, Nikolaus Augsten, Willi MannICDE 2023 · 4 citations
- Subsets and Supermajorities: Optimal Hashing-based Set Similarity SearchThomas D. Ahle, Jakob Bæk Tejs KnudsenFOCS 2020 · 1 citation
- Koios: Top-k Semantic Overlap Set SearchPranay Mundra, Jianhao Zhang, Fatemeh Nargesian, Nikolaus AugstenICDE 2023 · 7 citations
- Universal Set Similarity Search via Multi-Task Representation LearningZhong Yang, Bolong Zheng, Guohui Li, Xi Zhao et al.ICDE 2025
