On the Frequency-bias of Coordinate-MLPs
Sameera Ramasinghe, Lachlan E. MacDonald, Simon Lucey
Abstract
We show that typical implicit regularization assumptions for deep neural networks (for regression) do not hold for coordinate-MLPs, a family of MLPs that are now ubiquitous in computer vision for representing high-frequency signals. Lack of such implicit bias disrupts smooth interpolations between training samples, and hampers generalizing across signal regions with different spectra. We investigate this behavior through a Fourier lens and uncover that as the bandwidth of a coordinate-MLP is enhanced, lower frequencies tend to get suppressed unless a suitable prior is provided explicitly. Based on these insights, we propose a simple regularization technique that can mitigate the above problem, which can be incorporated into existing networks without any architectural modifications.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext c7067420-7d13-4336-bec4-4e33bd25e78eCited by top-tier papers8
- Neural Redshift: Random Networks are not Random FunctionsDamien Teney, Armand Mihai Nicolicioiu, Valentin Hartmann, Ehsan AbbasnejadCVPR 2024 · 7 citations
- SASNet: Spatially-Adaptive Sinusoidal Networks for INRsHaoan Feng, Diana Aldana, Tiago Novello, Leila De FlorianiCVPR 2026 · 4 citations
- Synergistic Integration of Coordinate Network and Tensorial Feature for Improving Neural Radiance Fields from Sparse InputsMingyu Kim, Jun-Seong Kim, Se-Young Yun, Jin-Hwa KimICML 2024 · 1 citation
- Do We Always Need the Simplicity Bias? Looking for Optimal Inductive Biases in the WildDamien Teney, Liangze Jiang, Florin Gogianu, Ehsan AbbasnejadCVPR 2025
- Batch Normalization Alleviates the Spectral Bias in Coordinate NetworksZhicheng Cai, Hao Zhu, Qiu Shen, Xinran Wang et al.CVPR 2024
Builds on15
- Fourier Features Let Networks Learn High Frequency Functions in Low Dimensional DomainsMatthew Tancik, Pratul P. Srinivasan, Ben Mildenhall, Sara Fridovich-Keil et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 4,036 citations
- Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance FieldsKeunhong Park, Utkarsh Sinha, Jonathan T. Barron, Sofien Bouaziz et al.ICCV 2021 · 1,442 citations
- PIFu: Pixel-Aligned Implicit Function for High-Resolution Clothed Human DigitizationShunsuke Saito, Zeng Huang, Ryota Natsume, Shigeo Morishima et al.ICCV 2019 · 1,411 citations
- Texture Fields: Learning Texture Representations in Function SpaceMichael Oechsle, Lars M. Mescheder, Michael Niemeyer, Thilo Strauss et al.ICCV 2019 · 334 citations
- Spectrum Dependent Learning Curves in Kernel Regression and Wide Neural NetworksBlake Bordelon, Abdulkadir Canatar, Cengiz PehlevanICML 2020 · 245 citations
Related papers
- Optimizing Rank for High-Fidelity Implicit Neural RepresentationsJulian McGinnis, Florian A. Hölzl, Suprosanna Shit, Florentin Bieder et al.ICML 2026
- Neural Functions for Learning Periodic SignalWoojin Cho, Minju Jo, Kookjin Lee, Noseong ParkICLR 2025
- Implicit Neural Representations with Levels-of-ExpertsZekun Hao, Arun Mallya, Serge J. Belongie, Ming-Yu LiuNeurIPS 2022 · 27 citations
- A Learnable Radial Basis Positional Embedding for Coordinate-MLPsSameera Ramasinghe, Simon LuceyAAAI 2023 · 11 citations
- Improved Implicit Neural Representation with Fourier Reparameterized TrainingKexuan Shi, Xingyu Zhou, Shuhang GuCVPR 2024 · 14 citations
