Defying Imbalanced Forgetting in Class Incremental Learning
Shixiong Xu, Gaofeng Meng, Xing Nie, Bolin Ni, Bin Fan, Shiming Xiang
Abstract
We observe a high level of imbalance in the accuracy of different learned classes in the same old task for the first time. This intriguing phenomenon, discovered in replay-based Class Incremental Learning (CIL), highlights the imbalanced forgetting of learned classes, as their accuracy is similar before the occurrence of catastrophic forgetting. This discovery remains previously unidentified due to the reliance on average incremental accuracy as the measurement for CIL, which assumes that the accuracy of classes within the same task is similar. However, this assumption is invalid in the face of catastrophic forgetting. Further empirical studies indicate that this imbalanced forgetting is caused by conflicts in representation between semantically similar old and new classes. These conflicts are rooted in the data imbalance present in replay-based CIL methods. Building on these insights, we propose CLass-Aware Disentanglement (CLAD) as a means to predict the old classes that are more likely to be forgotten and enhance their accuracy. Importantly, CLAD can be seamlessly integrated into existing CIL methods. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CLAD consistently improves current replay-based methods, resulting in performance gains of up to 2.56%.
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Install the CLIlune papers fulltext c2eb5942-5818-439a-814b-0afb2f0d669eCited by top-tier papers3
- HyCal: A Training-Free Prototype Calibration Method for Cross-Discipline Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningEunju Lee, MiHyeon Kim, JuneHyoung Kwon, Yoonji Lee et al.CVPR 2026 · 1 citation
- Topology-aware Knowledge Preservation for Class-Incremental LearningHan Zang, Yongfeng Dong, Linhao Li, Liang Yang et al.AAAI 2026
- Fair Class-Incremental Learning using Sample WeightingJaeyoung Park, Minsu Kim, Steven Euijong WhangKDD 2026
Builds on11
- Dark Experience for General Continual Learning: a Strong, Simple BaselinePietro Buzzega, Matteo Boschini, Angelo Porrello, Davide Abati et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 1,494 citations
- Gradient Projection Memory for Continual LearningGobinda Saha, Isha Garg, Kaushik RoyICLR 2021 · 409 citations
- Anatomy of Catastrophic Forgetting: Hidden Representations and Task SemanticsVinay Venkatesh Ramasesh, Ethan Dyer, Maithra RaghuICLR 2021 · 207 citations
- Flattening Sharpness for Dynamic Gradient Projection Memory Benefits Continual LearningDanruo Deng, Guangyong Chen, Jianye Hao, Qiong Wang et al.NeurIPS 2021 · 112 citations
- Mimicking the Oracle: An Initial Phase Decorrelation Approach for Class Incremental LearningYujun Shi, Kuangqi Zhou, Jian Liang, Zihang Jiang et al.CVPR 2022 · 57 citations
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- Gradient Reweighting: Towards Imbalanced Class-Incremental LearningJiangpeng HeCVPR 2024
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