Hyperbolic Image-text Representations
Karan Desai, Maximilian Nickel, Tanmay Rajpurohit, Justin Johnson, Shanmukha Ramakrishna Vedantam
Abstract
Visual and linguistic concepts naturally organize themselves in a hierarchy, where a textual concept "dog" entails all images that contain dogs. Despite being intuitive, current large-scale vision and language models such as CLIP (Radford et al., 2021) do not explicitly capture such hierarchy. We propose MERU, a contrastive model that yields hyperbolic representations of images and text. Hyperbolic spaces have suitable geometric properties to embed tree-like data, so MERU can better capture the underlying hierarchy in image-text datasets. Our results show that MERU learns a highly interpretable and structured representation space while being competitive with CLIP's performance on standard multi-modal tasks like image classification and image-text retrieval. Our code and models are available at: https://github. com/facebookresearch/meru
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Your agent calls
Luneget_paper_fulltext
Free to start. No credit card required.
Terminal
Install the CLIlune papers fulltext c28959d9-d1fc-4952-a06f-381faedbc9ccCited by top-tier papers81
- TripletCLIP: Improving Compositional Reasoning of CLIP via Synthetic Vision-Language NegativesMaitreya Patel, Abhiram Kusumba, Sheng Cheng, Changhoon Kim et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 73 citations
- Modeling Caption Diversity in Contrastive Vision-Language PretrainingSamuel Lavoie, Polina Kirichenko, Mark Ibrahim, Mido Assran et al.ICML 2024 · 44 citations
- Hyperbolic Fine-Tuning for Large Language ModelsMenglin Yang, Ram Samarth B. B., Aosong Feng, Bo Xiong et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 31 citations
- CLIPLoss and Norm-Based Data Selection Methods for Multimodal Contrastive LearningYiping Wang, Yifang Chen, Wendan Yan, Alex Fang et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 31 citations
- HELM: Hyperbolic Large Language Models via Mixture-of-Curvature ExpertsNeil He, Rishabh Anand, Hiren Madhu, Ali Maatouk et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 27 citations
Builds on19
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at ScaleAlexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn et al.ICLR 2021 · 21,477 citations
- Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attentionHugo Touvron, Matthieu Cord, Matthijs Douze, Francisco Massa et al.ICML 2021 · 8,974 citations
- Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text SupervisionChao Jia, Yinfei Yang, Ye Xia, Yi-Ting Chen et al.ICML 2021 · 5,401 citations
- An Empirical Study of Training Self-Supervised Vision TransformersXinlei Chen, Saining Xie, Kaiming HeICCV 2021 · 2,340 citations
Related papers
- Compositional Entailment Learning for Hyperbolic Vision-Language ModelsAvik Pal, Max van Spengler, Guido Maria D'Amely di Melendugno, Alessandro Flaborea et al.ICLR 2025
- PHyCLIP: -Product of Hyperbolic Factors Unifies Hierarchy and Compositionality in Vision-Language Representation LearningDaiki Yoshikawa, Takashi MatsubaraICLR 2026
- HiMo-CLIP: Modeling Semantic Hierarchy and Monotonicity in Vision-Language AlignmentRuijia Wu, Ping Chen, Fei Shen, Shaoan Zhao et al.AAAI 2026 · 1 citation
- HiCLIP: Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining with Hierarchy-aware AttentionShijie Geng, Jianbo Yuan, Yu Tian, Yuxiao Chen et al.ICLR 2023 · 11 citations
- Exploring How Generative MLLMs Perceive More Than CLIP with the Same Vision EncoderSiting Li, Pang Wei Koh, Simon Shaolei DuACL 2025
