Construction of Shared Situational Awareness in Traffic Management

The construct of "situational awareness" 1 (SA) has a rich and productive history within both academic literature and practice. Situational awareness as a technical term has its earliest roots in formative human factors research in service of military and flight applications. However, its value as a construct in other domains, particularly those having to do with rapid sensemaking in safety-sensitive conditions, has led to a broader applied and theoretical interest over the past few decades. As a discipline, CSCW has been relatively less engaged with this concept, but has empirical and theoretical tools that will be valuable to its study. To bring CSCW more fully into the conversation, we present a description of how operators in a city department of transportation's transportation management center (TMC) develop and maintain situational awareness for themselves and the key recipients of their critical information outputs. We identify some of the schemas operators must develop in order to effectively construct situational awareness and dynamically articulate common fields of work, and the social collaborative practices they engage in to support that awareness. Implications for design and further research are proposed.

CCS Concepts: • Human-centered computing Collaborative and social computing Collaborative and social computing theory, concepts and paradigms Computer supported cooperative work • Human-centered computing Collaborative and social computing Collaborative and social computing design and evaluation methods Ethnographic studies