Lune

EMNLP Findings2025

LightRAG: Simple and Fast Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Zirui Guo, Lianghao Xia, Yanhua Yu, Tu Ao, Chao Huang

Abstract

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources, enabling more accurate and contextually relevant responses tailored to user needs. However, existing RAG systems have significant limitations, including reliance on flat data representations and inadequate contextual awareness, which can lead to fragmented answers that fail to capture complex interdependencies. To address these challenges, we propose Ligh-tRAG, a novel framework that incorporates graph structures into text indexing and retrieval processes. This innovative approach employs a dual-level retrieval system that enhances comprehensive information retrieval from both lowand high-level knowledge discovery. Additionally, the integration of graph structures with vector representations facilitates efficient retrieval of related entities and their relationships, significantly improving response times while maintaining contextual relevance. This capability is further enhanced by an incremental update algorithm that ensures the timely integration of new data, allowing the system to remain effective and responsive in rapidly changing data environments. Extensive experimental validation demonstrates considerable improvements in retrieval accuracy and efficiency compared to existing approaches. LightRAG is publicly available as an open-source framework at: https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG.

Ask Lune

Ask anything. The answer quotes the paper.

Lune reads all of it and the papers around it, then shows you the passages behind every answer.

Questions to start from

Lune answers from

the full paper · 111 top-tier papers that cite it · related work

Get the answer

Free to start. No credit card required.

Cited by top-tier papers111

  1. HyperGraphRAG: Retrieval-Augmented Generation via Hypergraph-Structured Knowledge RepresentationHaoran Luo, Haihong E, Guanting Chen, Yandan Zheng et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 81 citations
  2. GFM-RAG: Graph Foundation Model for Retrieval Augmented GenerationLinhao Luo, Zicheng Zhao, Reza Haffari, Dinh Phung et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 54 citations
  3. WorldMM: Dynamic Multimodal Memory Agent for Long Video ReasoningWoongyeong Yeo, Kangsan Kim, Jaehong Yoon, Sung Ju HwangCVPR 2026 · 53 citations
  4. Graph-R1: Towards Agentic GraphRAG Framework via End-to-end Reinforcement LearningHaoran Luo, Haihong E, Guanting Chen, Qika Lin et al.ICML 2026 · 50 citations
  5. In-depth Analysis of Graph-based RAG in a Unified FrameworkYingli Zhou, Yaodong Su, Youran Sun, Shu Wang et al.VLDB 2025 · 48 citations

Builds on8

  1. Recipe for a General, Powerful, Scalable Graph TransformerLadislav Rampásek, Michael Galkin, Vijay Prakash Dwivedi, Anh Tuan Luu et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 1,216 citations
  2. RankRAG: Unifying Context Ranking with Retrieval-Augmented Generation in LLMsYue Yu, Wei Ping, Zihan Liu, Boxin Wang et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 321 citations
  3. One For All: Towards Training One Graph Model For All Classification TasksHao Liu, Jiarui Feng, Lecheng Kong, Ningyue Liang et al.ICLR 2024 · 253 citations
  4. Precise Zero-Shot Dense Retrieval without Relevance LabelsLuyu Gao, Xueguang Ma, Jimmy Lin, Jamie CallanACL 2023 · 211 citations
  5. GraphGPT: Graph Instruction Tuning for Large Language ModelsJiabin Tang, Yuhao Yang, Wei Wei, Lei Shi et al.SIGIR 2024 · 182 citations

Related papers

  1. A Unified Framework for Context-Aware and Relation-Aware Graph Retrieval-Augmented GenerationHaoyang Zhong, Yifei Sun, Antong Zhang, Chunping Wang et al.WWW 2026
  2. PathRAG: Pruning Graph-based Retrieval Augmented Generation with Relational PathsBoyu Chen, Zirui Guo, Zidan Yang, Yuluo Chen et al.AAAI 2026 · 45 citations
  3. Iterative Multi-Granular RAG with Contextual Hierarchical GraphYanli Hu, Teng Liu, Zhuangyi Zhou, Weixin Zeng et al.AAAI 2026
  4. CG-RAG: Research Question Answering by Citation Graph Retrieval-Augmented LLMsYuntong Hu, Zhihan Lei, Zhongjie Dai, Allen Zhang et al.SIGIR 2025 · 9 citations
  5. CausalRAG: Integrating Causal Graphs into Retrieval-Augmented GenerationNengbo Wang, Xiaotian Han, Jagdip Singh, Jing Ma et al.ACL Findings 2025 · 14 citations
Dusk over the sea between two cliffs drawn in fine vertical lines