Is Ego Status All You Need for Open-Loop End-to-End Autonomous Driving?
Zhiqi Li, Zhiding Yu, Shiyi Lan, Jiahan Li, Jan Kautz, Tong Lu, José M. Álvarez
Abstract
End-to-end autonomous driving recently emerged as a promising research direction to target autonomy from a full-stack perspective. Along this line, many of the latest works follow an open-loop evaluation setting on nuScenes to study the planning behavior. In this paper, we delve deeper into the problem by conducting thorough analyses and demystifying more devils in the details. We initially observed that the nuScenes dataset, characterized by relatively simple driving scenarios, leads to an under-utilization of perception information in end-to-end models incorporating ego status, such as the ego vehicle's velocity. These models tend to rely predominantly on the ego vehicle's status for future path planning. Beyond the limitations of the dataset, we also note that current metrics do not comprehensively assess the planning quality, leading to potentially biased conclusions drawn from existing benchmarks. To address this issue, we introduce a new metric to evaluate whether the predicted trajectories adhere to the road. We further propose a simple baseline able to achieve competitive results without relying on perception annotations. Given the current limitations on the benchmark and metrics, we suggest the community reassess relevant prevailing research and be cautious about whether the continued pursuit of state-of-the-art would yield convincing and universal conclusions. Code and models are available at https://github.com/NVlabs/BEV-Planner .
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Cited by top-tier papers82
- Vista: A Generalizable Driving World Model with High Fidelity and Versatile ControllabilityShenyuan Gao, Jiazhi Yang, Li Chen, Kashyap Chitta et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 403 citations
- AutoVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model for End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Adaptive Reasoning and Reinforcement Fine-TuningZewei Zhou, Tianhui Cai, Seth Z. Zhao, Yun Zhang et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 310 citations
- FutureSightDrive: Thinking Visually with Spatio-Temporal CoT for Autonomous DrivingShuang Zeng, Xinyuan Chang, Mengwei Xie, Xinran Liu et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 228 citations
- OpenDriveVLA: Towards End-to-end Autonomous Driving with Large Vision Language Action ModelXingcheng Zhou, Xuyuan Han, Feng Yang, Yunpu Ma et al.AAAI 2026 · 119 citations
- RAD: Training an End-to-End Driving Policy via Large-Scale 3DGS-based Reinforcement LearningHao Gao, Shaoyu Chen, Bo Jiang, Bencheng Liao et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 92 citations
Builds on18
- BEVDepth: Acquisition of Reliable Depth for Multi-View 3D Object DetectionYinhao Li, Zheng Ge, Guanyi Yu, Jinrong Yang et al.AAAI 2023 · 954 citations
- VAD: Vectorized Scene Representation for Efficient Autonomous DrivingBo Jiang, Shaoyu Chen, Qing Xu, Bencheng Liao et al.ICCV 2023 · 602 citations
- PETRv2: A Unified Framework for 3D Perception from Multi-Camera ImagesYingfei Liu, Junjie Yan, Fan Jia, Shuailin Li et al.ICCV 2023 · 513 citations
- Trajectory-guided Control Prediction for End-to-end Autonomous Driving: A Simple yet Strong BaselinePenghao Wu, Xiaosong Jia, Li Chen, Junchi Yan et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 444 citations
- Exploring Object-Centric Temporal Modeling for Efficient Multi-View 3D Object DetectionShihao Wang, Yingfei Liu, Tiancai Wang, Ying Li et al.ICCV 2023 · 399 citations
Related papers
- TAD-E2E: A Large-Scale End-to-End Autonomous Driving DatasetChang Liu, Mingxu Zhu, Zheyuan Zhang, Linna Song et al.ICCV 2025 · 1 citation
- World4Drive: End-to-End Autonomous Driving via Intention-Aware Physical Latent World ModelYupeng Zheng, Pengxuan Yang, Zebin Xing, Qichao Zhang et al.ICCV 2025 · 16 citations
- Decoupling Scene Perception and Ego Status: A Multi-Context Fusion Approach for Enhanced Generalization in End-to-End Autonomous DrivingJiacheng Tang, Mingyue Feng, Jiachao Liu, Yaonong Wang et al.AAAI 2026 · 2 citations
- Forecasting from LiDAR via Future Object DetectionNeehar Peri, Jonathon Luiten, Mengtian Li, Aljosa Osep et al.CVPR 2022 · 33 citations
- Future-Aware End-to-End Driving: Bidirectional Modeling of Trajectory Planning and Scene EvolutionBozhou Zhang, Nan Song, Jingyu Li, Xiatian Zhu et al.NeurIPS 2025 · 29 citations
