GameDevBench: Evaluating Agentic Capabilities Through Game Development
Wayne Chi, Yixiong Fang, Arnav Yayavaram, Siddharth Yayavaram, Seth Karten, Qiuhong Anna Wei, Runkun Chen, Alexander Wang, Valerie Chen, Ameet Talwalkar, Chris Donahue
Abstract
Despite rapid progress on coding agents, progress on their multimodal counterparts has lagged behind. A key challenge is the scarcity of evaluation testbeds that combine the complexity of software development with the need for deep multimodal understanding. In game development, agents must navigate large, dense codebases while manipulating intrinsically multimodal assets such as shaders, sprites, and animations within a visual game scene. We present GameDevBench, the first benchmark for evaluating agents on game development tasks. GameDevBench consists of 333 tasks derived from web and video tutorials. Tasks require significant multimodal understanding and are complex-the average solution requires over three times the lines of code and file changes compared to prior software development benchmarks. Agents struggle with game development, with the best agent and method solving only 53.8% of tasks. We find a strong correlation between perceived task difficulty and multimodal complexity, with average success rate dropping from 51.4% on gameplay-oriented tasks to 33.0% on 2D graphics tasks. To improve multimodal capability, we introduce two simple image and video-based feedback mechanisms for agents. Despite their simplicity, these methods consistently improve performance, increasing GPT-5.4's performance from 41.1% to 52.0% when given visual feedback. We release our code at https:// github.com/waynchi/gamedevbench
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Builds on11
- Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
- SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-world Github Issues?Carlos E. Jimenez, John Yang, Alexander Wettig, Shunyu Yao et al.ICLR 2024 · 2,082 citations
- SWE-agent: Agent-Computer Interfaces Enable Automated Software EngineeringJohn Yang, Carlos E. Jimenez, Alexander Wettig, Kilian Lieret et al.NeurIPS 2024 · 2,059 citations
- Genie: Generative Interactive EnvironmentsJake Bruce, Michael D. Dennis, Ashley Edwards, Jack Parker-Holder et al.ICML 2024 · 513 citations
- MLE-bench: Evaluating Machine Learning Agents on Machine Learning EngineeringJun Shern Chan, Neil Chowdhury, Oliver Jaffe, James Aung et al.ICLR 2025 · 9 citations
Related papers
- GitTaskBench: A Benchmark for Code Agents Solving Real-World Tasks Through Code Repository LeveragingZiyi Ni, Huacan Wang, Shuo Zhang, Shuo Lu et al.AAAI 2026 · 13 citations
- AgentBench: Evaluating LLMs as AgentsXiao Liu, Hao Yu, Hanchen Zhang, Yifan Xu et al.ICLR 2024 · 748 citations
- WebMMU: A Benchmark for Multimodal Multilingual Website Understanding and Code GenerationRabiul Awal, Mahsa Massoud, Aarash Feizi, Zichao Li et al.EMNLP 2025
- GlitchBench: Can Large Multimodal Models Detect Video Game Glitches?Mohammad Reza Taesiri, Tianjun Feng, Cor-Paul Bezemer, Anh NguyenCVPR 2024 · 7 citations
- EmbodiedBench: Comprehensive Benchmarking Multi-modal Large Language Models for Vision-Driven Embodied AgentsRui Yang, Hanyang Chen, Junyu Zhang, Mark Zhao et al.ICML 2025
