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EMNLP Findings2021

Progressive Transformer-Based Generation of Radiology Reports

Farhad Nooralahzadeh, Nicolas Perez Gonzalez, Thomas Frauenfelder, Koji Fujimoto, Michael Krauthammer

Abstract

Inspired by Curriculum Learning, we propose a consecutive (i.e., image-to-text-to-text) generation framework where we divide the problem of radiology report generation into two steps. Contrary to generating the full radiology report from the image at once, the model generates global concepts from the image in the first step and then reforms them into finer and coherent texts using a transformer architecture. We follow the transformer-based sequence-tosequence paradigm at each step. We improve upon the state-of-the-art on two benchmark datasets.

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Cited by top-tier papers7

  1. ORGAN: Observation-Guided Radiology Report Generation via Tree ReasoningWenjun Hou, Kaishuai Xu, Yi Cheng, Wenjie Li et al.ACL 2023 · 36 citations
  2. Divide and Conquer Radiology Report Generation via Observation Level Fine-grained Pretraining and Prompt TuningYuanpin Zhou, Huogen WangEMNLP 2024 · 5 citations
  3. Learnable Retrieval Enhanced Visual-Text Alignment and Fusion for Radiology Report GenerationQin Zhou, Guoyan Liang, Xindi Li, Jingyuan Chen et al.ICCV 2025 · 2 citations
  4. Dynamic Graph Enhanced Contrastive Learning for Chest X-Ray Report GenerationMingjie Li, Bingqian Lin, Zicong Chen, Haokun Lin et al.CVPR 2023
  5. RADAR: Enhancing Radiology Report Generation with Supplementary Knowledge InjectionWenjun Hou, Yi Cheng, Kaishuai Xu, Heng Li et al.ACL 2025

Builds on5

  1. BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and ComprehensionMike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad et al.ACL 2020 · 1,224 citations
  2. Generating Radiology Reports via Memory-driven TransformerZhihong Chen, Yan Song, Tsung-Hui Chang, Xiang WanEMNLP 2020 · 552 citations
  3. When Radiology Report Generation Meets Knowledge GraphYixiao Zhang, Xiaosong Wang, Ziyue Xu, Qihang Yu et al.AAAI 2020 · 391 citations
  4. Learning to Generate Clinically Coherent Chest X-Ray ReportsJustin R. Lovelace, Bobak MortazaviEMNLP Findings 2020 · 66 citations
  5. Meshed-Memory Transformer for Image CaptioningMarcella Cornia, Matteo Stefanini, Lorenzo Baraldi, Rita CucchiaraCVPR 2020

Related papers

  1. KiUT: Knowledge-injected U-Transformer for Radiology Report GenerationZhongzhen Huang, Xiaofan Zhang, Shaoting ZhangCVPR 2023
  2. Style-Aware Radiology Report Generation with RadGraph and Few-Shot PromptingBenjamin Yan, Ruochen Liu, David E. Kuo, Subathra Adithan et al.EMNLP Findings 2023 · 22 citations
  3. Report-Concept Textual-Prompt Learning for Enhancing X-ray DiagnosisXiongjun Zhao, Zhengyu Liu, Fen Liu, Guanting Li et al.ACM MM 2024 · 3 citations
  4. S2D-Align: Shallow-to-Deep Auxiliary Learning for Anatomically-Grounded Radiology Report GenerationJiechao Gao, Chang Liu, Yuangang LiAAAI 2026
  5. Competence-based Multimodal Curriculum Learning for Medical Report GenerationFenglin Liu, Shen Ge, Xian WuACL 2021
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