Lune

EMNLP Findings2023

Filling the Image Information Gap for VQA: Prompting Large Language Models to Proactively Ask Questions

Ziyue Wang, Chi Chen, Peng Li, Yang Liu

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive reasoning ability and the maintenance of world knowledge not only in natural language tasks, but also in some vision-language tasks such as open-domain knowledge-based visual question answering (OK-VQA). As images are invisible to LLMs, researchers convert images to text to engage LLMs into the visual question reasoning procedure. This leads to discrepancies between images and their textual representations presented to LLMs, which consequently impedes final reasoning performance. To fill the information gap and better leverage the reasoning capability, we design a framework that enables LLMs to proactively ask relevant questions to unveil more details in the image, along with filters for refining the generated information. We validate our idea on OK-VQA and A-OKVQA. Our method continuously boosts the performance of baselines methods by an average gain of 2.15% on OK-VQA, and achieves consistent improvements across different LLMs 1 .

Ask Lune

Ask anything. The answer quotes the paper.

Lune reads all of it and the papers around it, then shows you the passages behind every answer.

Questions to start from

Lune answers from

the full paper · 2 top-tier papers that cite it · related work

Get the answer

Free to start. No credit card required.

Cited by top-tier papers2

  1. Retrieval-Augmented Visual Question Answering via Built-in Autoregressive Search EnginesXinwei Long, Zhiyuan Ma, Ermo Hua, Kaiyan Zhang et al.AAAI 2025 · 18 citations
  2. Self-Bootstrapped Visual-Language Model for Knowledge Selection and Question AnsweringDongze Hao, Qunbo Wang, Longteng Guo, Jie Jiang et al.EMNLP 2024 · 4 citations

Builds on28

  1. Language Models are Few-Shot LearnersTom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann, Nick Ryder, Melanie Subbiah et al.NeurIPS 2020 · 64,255 citations
  2. Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language SupervisionAlec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh et al.ICML 2021 · 47,906 citations
  3. Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackLong Ouyang, Jeffrey Wu, Xu Jiang, Diogo Almeida et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 24,707 citations
  4. Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsJason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 22,562 citations
  5. BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language ModelsJunnan Li, Dongxu Li, Silvio Savarese, Steven C. H. HoiICML 2023 · 7,873 citations

Related papers

  1. ProReason: Multi-Modal Proactive Reasoning with Decoupled Eyesight and WisdomJingqi Zhou, Sheng Wang, Jingwei Dong, Kai Liu et al.EMNLP 2025
  2. Learning to Ask Denotative and Connotative Questions for Knowledge-based VQAXiaoying Xing, Peixi Xiong, Lei Fan, Yunxuan Li et al.EMNLP Findings 2024 · 1 citation
  3. MM-Reasoner: A Multi-Modal Knowledge-Aware Framework for Knowledge-Based Visual Question AnsweringMahmoud Khademi, Ziyi Yang, Felipe Frujeri, Chenguang ZhuEMNLP Findings 2023 · 4 citations
  4. From Images to Textual Prompts: Zero-shot Visual Question Answering with Frozen Large Language ModelsJiaxian Guo, Junnan Li, Dongxu Li, Anthony Meng Huat Tiong et al.CVPR 2023
  5. Improving Zero-shot Visual Question Answering via Large Language Models with Reasoning Question PromptsYunshi Lan, Xiang Li, Xin Liu, Yang Li et al.ACM MM 2023 · 29 citations
Dusk over the sea between two cliffs drawn in fine vertical lines