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EMNLP Findings2021

fBERT: A Neural Transformer for Identifying Offensive Content

Diptanu Sarkar, Marcos Zampieri, Tharindu Ranasinghe, Alexander G. Ororbia II

Abstract

Transformer-based models such as BERT, XL-NET, and XLM-R have achieved state-of-theart performance across various NLP tasks including the identification of offensive language and hate speech, an important problem in social media. In this paper, we present fBERT, a BERT model retrained on SOLID, the largest English offensive language identification corpus available with over 1.4 million offensive instances. We evaluate fBERT's performance on identifying offensive content on multiple English datasets and we test several thresholds for selecting instances from SOLID. The fBERT model will be made freely available to the community.

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Cited by top-tier papers3

  1. ToViLaG: Your Visual-Language Generative Model is Also An EvildoerXinpeng Wang, Xiaoyuan Yi, Han Jiang, Shanlin Zhou et al.EMNLP 2023 · 3 citations
  2. NaijaHate: Evaluating Hate Speech Detection on Nigerian Twitter Using Representative DataManuel Tonneau, Pedro Vitor Quinta de Castro, Karim Lasri, Ibrahim Farouq et al.ACL 2024
  3. Reinforcement Learning-Guided Adaptive Tuning for Out-of-Distribution Harmful Text DetectionMengyu Xiang, Tinghao Chen, Boxu Han, Qiudan Li et al.ACL 2026

Builds on2

  1. ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of Language RepresentationsZhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian Goodman, Kevin Gimpel et al.ICLR 2020 · 7,418 citations
  2. Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at ScaleAlexis Conneau, Kartikay Khandelwal, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary et al.ACL 2020 · 539 citations

Related papers

  1. SOLID: A Large-Scale Semi-Supervised Dataset for Offensive Language IdentificationSara Rosenthal, Pepa Atanasova, Georgi Karadzhov, Marcos Zampieri et al.ACL Findings 2021 · 79 citations
  2. HateCOT: An Explanation-Enhanced Dataset for Generalizable Offensive Speech Detection via Large Language ModelsHuy Nghiem, Hal Daumé IIIEMNLP Findings 2024 · 10 citations
  3. HABERTOR: An Efficient and Effective Deep Hatespeech DetectorThanh Tran, Yifan Hu, Changwei Hu, Kevin Yen et al.EMNLP 2020
  4. KOLD: Korean Offensive Language DatasetYounghoon Jeong, Juhyun Oh, Jongwon Lee, Jaimeen Ahn et al.EMNLP 2022 · 41 citations
  5. Text Detoxification using Large Pre-trained Neural ModelsDavid Dale, Anton Voronov, Daryna Dementieva, Varvara Logacheva et al.EMNLP 2021 · 16 citations
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