Double: Breaking the Acceleration Limit via Double Retrieval Speculative Parallelism

Parallel Speculative Decoding (PSD) accelerates traditional Speculative Decoding (SD) by overlapping draft generation with verification. However, it remains hampered by two fundamental challenges: (1) a theoretical speedup ceiling dictated by the speed ratio between the draft and target models, and (2) high computational waste and pipeline stall due to mid-sequence token rejections of early errors. To address these limitations, we introduce DOUBLE (Double Retrieval Speculative Parallelism). By bridging the gap between SD and PSD, our framework resolves the Retrieval Precision-Efficiency Dilemma through a novel synchronous mechanism. Specifically, we enable the draft model to execute iterative retrieval speculations to break the theoretical speedup limits; to alleviate rejections without rollback, the target model performs authoritative retrieval to generate multi-token guidance. DOUBLE is entirely training-free and lossless. Extensive experiments demonstrate state-of-the-art speedup of 5.3× on LLaMA3.3-70B and 2.8× on Qwen3-32B, significantly outperforming the advanced method EAGLE-3 that requires extensive model training. Our code is available at https://github.com/ Sylvan820/Double1 .