PTD-SQL: Partitioning and Targeted Drilling with LLMs in Text-to-SQL
Ruilin Luo, Liyuan Wang, Binghuai Lin, Zicheng Lin, Yujiu Yang
Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for Text-to-SQL tasks, exhibiting remarkable reasoning capabilities. Different from tasks such as math word problems and commonsense reasoning, SQL solutions have a relatively fixed pattern. This facilitates the investigation of whether LLMs can benefit from categorical thinking, mirroring how humans acquire knowledge through inductive reasoning based on comparable examples. In this study, we propose that employing query group partitioning allows LLMs to focus on learning the thought processes specific to a single problem type, consequently enhancing their reasoning abilities across diverse difficulty levels and problem categories. Our experiments reveal that multiple advanced LLMs, when equipped with PTD-SQL, can either surpass or match previous state-of-theart (SOTA) methods on the Spider and BIRD datasets. Intriguingly, models with varying initial performances have exhibited significant improvements, mainly at the boundary of their capabilities after targeted drilling, suggesting a parallel with human progress. Code is available at https://github.com/lrlbbzl/PTD-SQL .
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Cited by top-tier papers4
- OpenSQL: Data-Efficient Text-to-SQL for Open-Source LLMs via Synthesized Intermediate SupervisionRuilin Hu, Yuyu Luo, Guoliang Li, Shuangqiao Wu et al.VLDB 2026 · 4 citations
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- SAFE-SQL: Self-Augmented In-Context Learning with Fine-grained Example Selection for Text-to-SQLJimin Lee, Ingeol Baek, Byeongjeong Kim, Hyunkyung Bae et al.EMNLP 2025 · 1 citation
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- Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language ModelsJason Wei, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Maarten Bosma et al.NeurIPS 2022 · 22,562 citations
- LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language ModelsEdward J. Hu, Yelong Shen, Phillip Wallis, Zeyuan Allen-Zhu et al.ICLR 2022 · 18,833 citations
- Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-FeedbackAman Madaan, Niket Tandon, Prakhar Gupta, Skyler Hallinan et al.NeurIPS 2023 · 4,972 citations
- DIN-SQL: Decomposed In-Context Learning of Text-to-SQL with Self-CorrectionMohammadreza Pourreza, Davood RafieiNeurIPS 2023 · 909 citations
- Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language ModelsXuezhi Wang, Jason Wei, Dale Schuurmans, Quoc V. Le et al.ICLR 2023 · 681 citations
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