USENIX Security2018Top-tier venue
DIZK: A Distributed Zero Knowledge Proof System
Howard Wu, Wenting Zheng, Alessandro Chiesa, Raluca Ada Popa, Ion Stoica
Abstract
Recently there has been much academic and industrial interest in practical implementations of zero knowledge proofs. These techniques allow a party to prove to another party that a given statement is true without revealing any additional information. In a Bitcoin-like system, this allows a payer to prove validity of a payment without disclosing the payment's details. Unfortunately, the existing systems for generating such proofs are very expensive, especially in terms of memory overhead. Worse yet, these systems are "monolithic", so they are limited by the memory resources of a single machine. This severely limits their practical applicability. We describe DIZK, a system that distributes the generation of a zero knowledge proof across machines in a compute cluster. Using a set of new techniques, we show that DIZK scales to computations of up to billions of logical gates (100× larger than prior art) at a cost of 10 µs per gate (100× faster than prior art). We then use DIZK to study various security applications.
Ask about this paper
Your agent reads all of it.
Lune indexed this paper to the last equation, along with the top-tier papers that cite it. Ask a question and the answer quotes them.
Cited by top-tier papers34
- Sonic: Zero-Knowledge SNARKs from Linear-Size Universal and Updatable Structured Reference StringsMary Maller, Sean Bowe, Markulf Kohlweiss, Sarah MeiklejohnCCS 2019 · 412 citations
- zkBridge: Trustless Cross-chain Bridges Made PracticalTiancheng Xie, Jiaheng Zhang, Zerui Cheng, Fan Zhang et al.CCS 2022 · 131 citations
- PipeZK: Accelerating Zero-Knowledge Proof with a Pipelined ArchitectureYe Zhang, Shuo Wang, Xian Zhang, Jiangbin Dong et al.ISCA 2021 · 87 citations
- Transparency Logs via Append-Only Authenticated DictionariesAlin Tomescu, Vivek Bhupatiraju, Dimitrios Papadopoulos, Charalampos Papamanthou et al.CCS 2019 · 69 citations
- Pianist: Scalable zkRollups via Fully Distributed Zero-Knowledge ProofsTianyi Liu, Tiancheng Xie, Jiaheng Zhang, Dawn Song et al.S&P 2024 · 52 citations
Builds on4
- The Ring of Gyges: Investigating the Future of Criminal Smart ContractsAri Juels, Ahmed E. Kosba, Elaine ShiCCS 2016 · 199 citations
- PhotoProof: Cryptographic Image Authentication for Any Set of Permissible TransformationsAssa Naveh, Eran TromerS&P 2016 · 97 citations
- Cinderella: Turning Shabby X.509 Certificates into Elegant Anonymous Credentials with the Magic of Verifiable ComputationAntoine Delignat-Lavaud, Cédric Fournet, Markulf Kohlweiss, Bryan ParnoS&P 2016 · 83 citations
- Full Accounting for Verifiable OutsourcingRiad S. Wahby, Ye Ji, Andrew J. Blumberg, Abhi Shelat et al.CCS 2017 · 78 citations
Related papers
- BatchZK: A Fully Pipelined GPU-Accelerated System for Batch Generation of Zero-Knowledge ProofsTao Lu, Yuxun Chen, Zonghui Wang, Xiaohang Wang et al.ASPLOS 2025 · 11 citations
- Eos: Efficient Private Delegation of zkSNARK ProversAlessandro Chiesa, Ryan Lehmkuhl, Pratyush Mishra, Yinuo ZhangUSENIX Security 2023
- Hekaton: Horizontally-Scalable zkSNARKs Via Proof AggregationMichael Rosenberg, Tushar Mopuri, Hossein Hafezi, Ian Miers et al.CCS 2024 · 7 citations
- GZKP: A GPU Accelerated Zero-Knowledge Proof SystemWeiliang Ma, Qian Xiong, Xuanhua Shi, Xiaosong Ma et al.ASPLOS 2023 · 47 citations
- Feta: Efficient Threshold Designated-Verifier Zero-Knowledge ProofsCarsten Baum, Robin Jadoul, Emmanuela Orsini, Peter Scholl et al.CCS 2022 · 15 citations
